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From Gluon Topology to Quark Chirality: Novel Phenomena in Heavy Ion Collisions

从胶子拓扑到夸克手性：重离子碰撞中的新现象

基本信息

批准号：
1913729
负责人：
Jinfeng Liao
金额：
$ 27万
依托单位：
Indiana University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-06-01 至 2022-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1913729&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Gluon Topology Quark Chirality Novel

项目摘要

Nuclear matter is at the heart of all visible matter in our universe. Its basic law has been identified as a quantum field theory (known as Quantum Chromodynamics or QCD) based on fundamental particles called quarks and gluons. Precisely how the various forms and properties of nuclear matter arise from these quarks and gluons remains one of the grand challenges in physics. This project will help address this challenge by studying nuclear matter under extreme conditions such as at super hot temperatures or in super strong magnetic fields, which are available via high energy collider experiments. The PI will study the topological component of QCD, characterize the properties of this component via collider experimental data, and seek direct evidence of its presence through a novel transport phenomenon called the Chiral Magnetic Effect. The PI will mentor students engaged in this research at both graduate and undergraduate levels. In addition the project will develop outreach activities that bring current research to K-12 students as well as the general public through a variety of local events and online platforms. The objective of this project is to investigate the non-perturbative dynamics of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) in its quark-gluon plasma (QGP) phase at extremely high temperatures, such as those produced in today's laboratory experiments at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The key approach is to study the properties of the gluon topological component as well as to search for its manifestation via novel transport phenomenon related to quark chirality. Three specific topics will be explored. The first is to develop a statistical ensemble model of the topological component and study how it can explain the QCD confinement transition and quantitatively describe relevant lattice QCD data. The second is to quantify the contributions to key transport properties of QGP from the topological component by systematical comparison with experimental data utilizing Beyesian inference methodology. The third is to investigate the manifestation of gluon topology via quark chirality fluctuations which could be experimentally probed through the Chiral Magnetic Effect and theoretically simulated by a state-of-the-art modeling framework developed by the PI's group. With all these combined, the project will help characterize the gluon topological component and provide a deep understanding of the QCD non-perturbative dynamics.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

核物质是我们宇宙中所有可见物质的核心。它的基本定律被认为是一种基于夸克和胶子的基本粒子的量子场论(称为量子色动力学或QCD)。这些夸克和胶子究竟如何产生各种形式和性质的核物质，仍然是物理学中的重大挑战之一。该项目将通过研究极端条件下的核物质来帮助应对这一挑战，例如在超高温或超强磁场中，这些条件可以通过高能对撞机实验获得。PI将研究QCD的拓扑成分，通过对撞机实验数据表征该成分的性质，并通过一种名为手征磁效应的新输运现象寻找其存在的直接证据。PI将指导研究生和本科生从事这项研究的学生。此外，该项目还将开展外联活动，通过各种当地活动和在线平台，将当前的研究成果带给K-12学生和一般公众。本项目的目的是研究夸克-胶子等离子体(QGP)相的量子色动力学(QCD)在极高温度下的非微扰动力学，例如今天在相对论重离子对撞机(RHIC)和大型强子对撞机(LHC)上的实验室实验所产生的那些。关键的途径是研究胶子拓扑成分的性质，并通过与夸克手性有关的新输运现象来寻找其表现形式。将探讨三个具体主题。一是建立拓扑分量的统计系综模型，研究它如何解释QCD的禁闭跃迁，并定量描述相关的晶格QCD数据。二是利用Beyesian推理方法，通过与实验数据的系统比较，量化了拓扑组分对QGP主要输运性质的贡献。第三个是研究夸克手性涨落对胶子拓扑的影响，这可以通过手征磁效应从实验上进行探索，并由Pi小组开发的最先进的建模框架进行理论模拟。所有这些结合在一起，该项目将有助于表征胶子拓扑组件，并提供对QCD非微扰动力学的深入了解。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。