权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Dissipative Phenomena in Effective Field Theories

有效场论中的耗散现象

基本信息

批准号：
1915611
负责人：
Riccardo Penco
金额：
$ 21万
依托单位：
Carnegie-Mellon University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-09-01 至 2022-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1915611&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Dissipative Phenomena Effective Field Theories

项目摘要

This award funds the research activities of Professor Riccardo Penco at Carnegie Mellon University. Dissipation gives rise to many interesting phenomena in Nature. It can also be a frustrating barrier to overcome on the path towards technological applications. Despite the important role that dissipation plays in many physical systems, it is often modeled phenomenologically rather than by following a systematic procedure based on fundamental principles. The overarching goal of this project is to develop a more systematic understanding of dissipation by exploiting modern theoretical techniques known as effective field theories. To this end, Professor Penco will tackle a variety of conceptual problems and concrete applications in two distinct areas: hydrodynamics and gravitational systems. This project is also expected to have broader societal impacts. An important outcome will be the advanced training of a postdoctoral researcher. This advances the national interest by directly contributing to the quality of the STEM workforce in the US. Professor Penco will also engage in outreach activities aimed at communicating scientific knowledge outside the typical classroom setting and promoting work in STEM fields as a viable career option. More technically, Professor Penco's work will build upon recent progress in dissipative hydrodynamics and explore how the recently uncovered symmetries of thermal states (BRST, KMS, supersymmetry) constrain the effective action of Goldstone modes of spontaneously broken spacetime symmetries. The spectrum of topics he plans to explore ranges from applied (e.g., fluids and superfluids) to formal (e.g., the Goldstone theorem at finite density and temperature). In the context of gravitational physics, Professor Penco will explore a variety of dissipative aspects in black-hole physics (e.g., quasi-normal modes, superradiance) which can play an important role both in astrophysics as well as in high-energy physics, particularly in the context of modified gravity and holography.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项资助了卡内基梅隆大学里卡多·彭科教授的研究活动。耗散在自然界中引起许多有趣的现象。在技术应用的道路上，这也可能是一个令人沮丧的障碍。尽管耗散在许多物理系统中扮演着重要的角色，但它通常是现象学建模的，而不是遵循基于基本原理的系统程序。这个项目的首要目标是开发一个更系统的理解耗散利用现代理论技术称为有效场理论。为此，Penco教授将解决两个不同领域的各种概念问题和具体应用：流体力学和引力系统。预计该项目还将产生更广泛的社会影响。一个重要成果将是博士后研究人员的高级培训。这通过直接提高美国STEM劳动力的质量来促进国家利益。Penco教授还将参与旨在在典型的课堂环境之外传播科学知识的外联活动，并将STEM领域的工作作为一种可行的职业选择。从技术上讲，Penco教授的工作将建立在耗散流体力学的最新进展基础上，并探索最近发现的热态对称性（BRST，KMS，超对称性）如何约束自发破缺时空对称性的Goldstone模式的有效作用。他计划探索的主题范围从应用（例如，流体和超流体）到形式（例如，有限密度和温度下的Goldstone定理）。在引力物理学的背景下，Penco教授将探索黑洞物理学中的各种耗散方面（例如，该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。