Collaborative Research: Mass transport in Jupiter's magnetosphere -- driven by internal or external processes?

太阳发出一股称为太阳风的粒子流。太阳系以行星磁层的形式为太阳风提供了各种各样的障碍。磁层产生于行星的内部磁场，用来使太阳风偏离行星表面。来自太阳风的质量撞击磁层，向两极扩散，然后以一种称为磁尾的结构带到行星后面。木卫一是木星的卫星，也从内部向其磁层提供粒子，因此它可以用来追踪磁层内的粒子流动。该项目将利用对硫和钠离子的观测来追踪木星磁层内粒子的扩散，以更好地了解磁层中的扩散过程。该项目将使用专用望远镜进行观测。该项目还将制作一本儿童读物《不合适的望远镜》，以及一个配套的网站和社交媒体流，利用科学仪器多样性的好处作为一个寓言，说明种族和文化包容的好处。拟议中的项目将研究木星周围的木星等离子体环(IPT)，以深入了解木星磁场。该项目将利用Io输入/输出天文台对IPT中的S II线和Na线进行时域观测，以确定物质扩散的性质。IOIO是一台小口径机器人日冕仪，夜间运行，同时记录IPT INS S II的窄带图像。结合IPT的模型，观测将表明扩散是由IOO的质量负载还是由中间木星磁场的活动驱动的。该项目的儿童读物将展示既是少数人又有不同观点的价值，以及作为多数人并接受和尊重少数人观点的价值。这本书将由行星科学研究所获奖的公众推广团队制作。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The sun emits a stream of particles called the solar wind. The solar system presents a wide variety of obstacles to the solar wind in the form of planetary magnetospheres. Magnetospheres arise from the internal magnetic field of a planet and serve to deflect the solar wind from the surface of the planet. Mass from the solar wind hits the magnetosphere and is diffused toward the poles and then carried out behind the planet in a structure called the magnetotail. Io is a moon of Jupiter that also provides particles to its magnetosphere from within, and so it can be used to trace the flow of particles from within the magnetosphere. This project will use observations of sulfur and sodium ions to trace out the diffusion of particles from within Jupiter's magnetosphere to better understand the process of diffusion in magnetospheres. The project will use a dedicated telescope for their observations. The project will also create a children’s book, “The Misfit Telescope” with a companion website and social media stream that use the benefits of diversity in scientific instrumentation as a parable to illustrate the benefits of racial and cultural inclusivity.The proposed project will study the Io Plasma Torus (IPT) around Jupiter in order to gain insight into the Jovian magnetic field. The project will use the Io Input/Output observatory to make time domain observations of S II and Na lines in the IPT to determine the nature of diffusion of material. IoIO is a small-aperture robotic coronagraph that operates nightly, contemporaneously recording narrow-band images of the IPT ins S II. Combined with a model of the IPT, the observations will show whether diffusion is driven by mass loading from Io or by activity in the middle Jovian magnetic field. The project's children's book will show the value of both being in the minority and havingg a different point of view and of being in the majority and accepting and respecting the minority point of view. The book will be produced by the Planetary Science Institute's award winning public outreach team.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.