Subject specific maximization of motor function with an adaptive optimal combination of noisy and oscillatory transcranial current stimulation

经颅脑刺激包括用于人类皮层的非侵入性无痛刺激的方法。因此，例如，用经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）对大脑进行的强直性阈下电刺激允许皮层兴奋性的限定的持久修改。从神经生理学的角度来看，直流电、交流电和随机噪声刺激后的不一致效应很有趣，有可能用于临床神经病学和神经康复患者，并可能有助于各种脑刺激技术的共同解释模型。该建议的目标是通过系统地修改两个基本刺激参数-噪声和振荡来最佳地促进健康受试者的运动功能。这些刺激参数的无模型优化基于预定义状态变量（例如，手指敲击、皮质-肌肉相干性）和基于模型的电流密度计算（有限或边界元素）的变化，允许我们建立闭环刺激算法（tONS，经颅最佳噪声刺激）以促进运动功能。我们假设，tONS是更有效的比纯粹的振荡或嘈杂的形式的刺激在特定的修改神经元网络（例如，手指敲击速度或精度最大化）。此外，导航脑刺激软件的实施将确保在例如临床环境中进行精确和安全的刺激。

Transcranial brain stimulation comprises methods for non-invasive painless stimulation of the human cortex. Thus, for example, tonic subthreshold electric stimulation of the brain with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) allows for the circumscribed long-lasting modification of cortical excitability. Incongruous effects following direct current, alternating current and random-noise stimulation are interesting from a neurophysiological view-point, have the potential to be used in patients in clinical neurology and neuro-rehabilitation and may contribute to a common explanatory model of the various brain stimulation techniques. The goal of this proposal is to optimally promote motor function in healthy subjects by the systematic modification of two fundamental stimulation parameters - noise and oscillation. The model-free optimization of these stimulus parameters on the basis of changes in a predefined state-variable (e.g. finger-tapping, cortico-muscular coherence) and model-based current density calculations (finite or boundary elements) allows us to establish a closed-loop stimulation algorithm (tONS, transcranial optimal noise stimulation) to promote motor functions. We hypothesize that tONS is more efficient than pure oscillatory or noisy forms of stimulation in the specific modification of neuronal networks (e.g. for finger-tapping speed or precision maximization). Additionally, the implementation of navigated brain stimulation software will ensure precise as well as safe stimulation in e.g. a clinical setting.