Collaborative Research: Uncovering and Utilizing the Dynamic Interplay between Work Recovery and Resilience

在某一时刻，所有员工都会遇到工作场所的逆境，如工作负荷过重、角色模糊、人际冲突、滥用监督或工作与家庭冲突。因此，迫切需要确定员工能够在面临困难的情况下实现工作效率和福祉的途径。工作韧性--在工作中遇到逆境时的积极适应--是一种有利的工具，可以在遇到不利经历的情况下提供一条通往成功的道路。我们提出了一种未被探索的提高韧性的方法是通过恢复，即利用非工作时间来恢复工作中积累的疲惫和负面情绪。这个项目的目标是了解心理(例如，远离工作、放松)和身体(例如，睡眠、锻炼)的恢复经历与工作弹性之间的关系。确定在非工作时间由个人控制的提高韧性的行为有可能使各个职业的个人、团队和组织受益。这个项目的目标是揭示心理和身体工作恢复经验与工作弹性之间的动态相互关系并建立模型。本项目：1)评估将工作恢复和复原力联系起来的潜在心理(疲劳)和生理(心率变异性)机制；2)考察不同的工作恢复经历(即心理和身体)对工作复原力的不同影响；以及3)描述工作恢复和复原力之间的时间动态，揭示潜在的累积和相互作用的影响。我们将进行两项经验抽样研究，使用(A)在标准每周营业时间工作的传统受雇参与者的样本和(B)轮班工人的样本-从事至少部分超出日班范围的替代班次的员工-以测试当前模型。每项研究都是为期四周的每日调查研究，样本为100名在职成年人，其中包括客观的行为和生理指标。通过阐述不同恢复经验对工作复原力的相对重要性以及工作恢复与复原力之间的动态关系，本项目可以为在不可避免的逆境中提高组织有效性和员工幸福感提供理论基础。研究结果将与研究机构、商业从业者、政策制定者和社区成员分享。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

All employees will, at some point, encounter workplace adversities such as work overload, role ambiguity, interpersonal conflict, abusive supervision, or work-family conflict. Thus, there is a critical need to identify pathways through which employees can achieve work effectiveness and wellbeing, despite facing difficulties. Work resilience -- positive adaptation despite adversity at work -- is an advantageous tool that offers a path to success despite adverse experiences. We propose one unexplored way to increase resilience is through recovery, in which non-work time is used to recuperate from fatigue and negative mood built up during the work day. This project's goal is to understand how psychological (e.g., detachment from work, relaxation) and physical (e.g., sleep, exercise) recovery experiences relate to work resilience. Determining behaviors that improve resilience which are under individuals' control during their non-work time has the potential to benefit individuals, teams, and organizations across every occupation. The goal of this project is to uncover and model the dynamic interrelationship of psychological and physical work recovery experiences with work resilience. This project: 1) assesses potential psychological (fatigue) and physiological (heart rate variability) mechanisms that link work recovery and resilience; 2) examines the differential effects of alternative work recovery experiences (i.e., psychological and physical) on work resilience; and 3) delineates the temporal dynamics between work recovery and resilience, uncovering potential cumulative and reciprocal effects. We will conduct two experience sampling research studies using (a) a sample of traditionally employed participants who work during standard weekly business hours and (b) a sample of shift workers - employees who work alternative shifts that at least partially fall outside the daytime shift range (e.g., night shift and rotating shift employees) - to test the current model. Each study is a four-week daily survey study in a sample of 100 working adults that incorporates both objective behavioral and physiological indicators. By explicating the relative importance of different recovery experiences contributing to work resilience and the dynamic relationship between work recovery and resilience, this project could provide a theoretical foundation to enhance organizational effectiveness and employee wellbeing despite unavoidable adversities. Findings will be shared with research outlets, business practitioners, policy makers, and community members.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.