Improving Accuracy and Precision of Marine Inorganic Carbon Measurements
提高海洋无机碳测量的准确性和精密度
基本信息
- 批准号:1923312
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 37.69万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2019
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2019-08-15 至 2024-01-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Improving Accuracy and Precision of Marine Inorganic Carbon MeasurementsThe oceans absorb about one third of the CO2 humans release into the atmosphere from the burning of fossil fuels and other activities. While ocean uptake of CO2 slows its rate of increase in the atmosphere, it comes with costs for the oceans and the organisms that live there. Once in seawater, CO2 reacts with water to produce bicarbonate and hydrogen ions. The increase in hydrogen ions lowers the pH in a process called ocean acidification. Not all areas of the ocean are affected equally. The solubility of CO2 is greater in the cold waters of the Arctic making them more prone to ocean acidification. However, due to the low temperatures and low salinities in the Arctic, the uncertainties in pH values are much larger there than for the other oceans. This project evaluates pH at low temperatures and salinities, and develops best practice recommendations to improve the ability to compare measurements among laboratory groups and studies and reduce overall uncertainty in the measurements. The project provides training for an undergraduate student and promotes awareness of ocean acidification through public outreach. Having highly accurate and precise measurements are important for monitoring changes to pH and CO2 uptake through time and the effects on marine life. In order to improve pH measurements for polar waters, several different experiments will be conducted. The temperature dependence of pH will be determined from 30˚C to near freezing for low salinity waters. The results will be compared to current chemical models to quantify offsets and biases. Recommendations will be made for the best physical chemical model to use for low temperature and salinity seawater. Moreover, pH is measured spectrophotometrically using an indicator dye. Preparation and calibration of the indictor is important to standardize studies across space and time and ensure comparability. Indicator quality is essential for detecting ocean acidification, but its stability is currently unknown. If the dye degrades after production, biases or artifacts in pH measurements may result as the dye ages. Experiments will be undertaken using batches of dyes from weeks to over 10 years old to resolve its degradation characteristics. The experiments will establish how long a batch of dye remains valid once it is prepared without biasing the measurements. This is particularly important for long term studies such as extended research expeditions and autonomous systems where a batch of dye may be used over a year. Together, by both investigating the validity of chemical models for seawater pH at low temperature and salinity and examining the stability of the pH indicator dye, methodological uncertainties can be reduced to permit better monitoring of changes in global ocean pH.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
提高海洋无机碳测量的准确性和精度海洋吸收了人类燃烧化石燃料和其他活动释放到大气中的二氧化碳的约三分之一。虽然海洋对二氧化碳的吸收减缓了其在大气中的增长速度,但海洋和生活在其中的生物也付出了代价。一旦进入海水,二氧化碳就会与水发生反应,产生碳酸氢盐和氢离子。氢离子的增加降低了pH值,这个过程被称为海洋酸化。并不是所有的海洋区域都受到同样的影响。在北极的冷水中,二氧化碳的溶解度更大,这使得它们更容易受到海洋酸化的影响。然而,由于北极的低温和低盐度,pH值的不确定性比其他海洋要大得多。该项目评估低温和盐度下的pH值,并制定最佳实践建议,以提高实验室小组和研究之间比较测量结果的能力,并降低测量结果的总体不确定性。该项目为一名本科生提供培训,并通过公众宣传提高人们对海洋酸化的认识。拥有高度准确和精确的测量对于监测pH值和二氧化碳吸收随时间的变化以及对海洋生物的影响非常重要。为了改善极地水域的pH值测量,将进行几个不同的实验。pH值的温度依赖性将从30&;#730;对于低盐度的海水,C至接近冰点。结果将与当前的化学模型进行比较,以量化偏移和偏差。将为低温和盐度海水的最佳物理化学模型提出建议。此外,pH值是用指示剂染料分光光度法测定的。指标的编制和校准对于跨空间和时间的标准化研究和确保可比性至关重要。指标质量对于检测海洋酸化至关重要,但其稳定性目前尚不清楚。如果染料在生产后降解,随着染料的老化,pH值测量可能会产生偏差或伪影。实验将使用几周至10年以上的染料分批进行,以解决其降解特性。实验将确定在不影响测量的情况下,一批染料在制备后的有效时间。这对于长期研究尤其重要,比如长期的研究探险和自主系统,其中一批染料可能会使用一年以上。通过研究低温和盐度下海水pH化学模型的有效性,以及检查pH指示剂染料的稳定性,可以减少方法上的不确定性,从而更好地监测全球海洋pH的变化。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命,并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估,被认为值得支持。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(7)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Coincident Biogenic Nitrite and pH Maxima Arise in the Upper Anoxic Layer in the Eastern Tropical North Pacific
- DOI:10.1029/2022gb007470
- 发表时间:2022-12
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:5.2
- 作者:Timur Cinay;Diana Dumit;R. Woosley;Elisabeth L. Boles;Jarek V. Kwiecinski;Susan Mullen;T. Tamasi;M. Wolf;Colette L. Kelly;N. M. Travis;K. Casciotti;A. R. Babbin
- 通讯作者:Timur Cinay;Diana Dumit;R. Woosley;Elisabeth L. Boles;Jarek V. Kwiecinski;Susan Mullen;T. Tamasi;M. Wolf;Colette L. Kelly;N. M. Travis;K. Casciotti;A. R. Babbin
Uncertainty sources for measurable ocean carbonate chemistry variables
可测量海洋碳酸盐化学变量的不确定性来源
- DOI:10.1002/lno.12477
- 发表时间:2023
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:4.5
- 作者:Carter, Brendan R.;Sharp, Jonathan D.;Dickson, Andrew G.;Álvarez, Marta;Fong, Michael B.;García‐Ibáñez, Maribel I.;Woosley, Ryan J.;Takeshita, Yuichiro;Barbero, Leticia;Byrne, Robert H.
- 通讯作者:Byrne, Robert H.
Evaluation of the temperature dependence of dissociation constants for the marine carbon system using pH and certified reference materials
使用 pH 值和经过认证的参考材料评估海洋碳系统解离常数的温度依赖性
- DOI:10.1016/j.marchem.2020.103914
- 发表时间:2021
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:3
- 作者:Woosley, Ryan J.
- 通讯作者:Woosley, Ryan J.
Long‐term stability and storage of meta‐cresol purple solutions for seawater pH measurements
用于海水 pH 测量的间甲酚紫溶液的长期稳定性和储存
- DOI:10.1002/lom3.10462
- 发表时间:2021
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:Woosley, Ryan J.
- 通讯作者:Woosley, Ryan J.
Re-evaluation of carbonic acid dissociation constants across conditions and the implications for ocean acidification
重新评估不同条件下的碳酸解离常数及其对海洋酸化的影响
- DOI:10.1016/j.marchem.2023.104247
- 发表时间:2023
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:3
- 作者:Woosley, Ryan J.;Moon, Ji-Young
- 通讯作者:Moon, Ji-Young
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Ryan Woosley其他文献
Ryan Woosley的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Ryan Woosley', 18)}}的其他基金
US GEOTRACES GP17-OCE and GP17-ANT: Inorganic Carbon Cycling in the South Pacific and Southern Oceans by Direct Measurement
美国 GEOTRACES GP17-OCE 和 GP17-ANT:通过直接测量南太平洋和南大洋的无机碳循环
- 批准号:
2148468 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 37.69万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
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