Collaborative Proposal: MSA: Controls on coupled nitrogen and carbon cycles of watersheds across eco-regions

标题：合作提案：MSA：控制生态区域流域耦合的氮和碳循环氮素是维持生命的关键营养物质。太多会导致一些问题，如难看的藻类繁殖或沿海死亡区，那里的鱼不能生存。氮的命运与植物和土壤中碳的命运密切相关。然而，氮和碳之间的联系仍然知之甚少。特别是，从热带到北极，人们对不同地貌的碳和氮相互作用知之甚少。这个项目将有助于更好地了解是什么控制了氮通过溪流离开分水岭。它将利用国家生态观测网络收集的全国不同环境的数据。这项研究很重要，因为人们通过空气污染、化肥和化肥系统向土地中添加了更多的氮。它还将有助于了解随着大气中二氧化碳的增加，环境可以吸收多少碳。该项目将产生新的数据集，并与其他研究人员共享。该项目团队将与学校和当地社区合作，解释陆地上发生的事情如何影响水质。调查结果将被转化为对政策制定者有用的。一群不同的学生将学习如何使用环境传感器技术。霓虹灯收集的陆地和水生生态系统的一致输入和输出测量将用于解决首要问题：“跨生物群的分水岭碳(C)和氮(N)循环有多紧密，这种耦合如何受到物理环境条件(气候和水文)、植被特征和过去干扰的遗留问题的影响？”将测试与流域碳氮比、降水、暴雨、温度和干扰的作用有关的假设，使用1)持续的霓虹灯传感器、手动收集的和遥感测量来估计流域的N输入、N输出和净生态系统碳交换(NEE)，2)陆地生态系统模型(PNET)将整个流域的净N输入、N输出和净生态系统C交换(NEE)进行比例尺，以及3)对照每个领域的潜在解释数据分析流域净N和C通量。将使用22个霓虹灯分水岭，这些分水岭由可波动的溪流和邻近的NEE测量确定，纳入了广泛的分水岭特征。分水岭预算估计数将包括对碳、氮通量和汇的不确定性估计。科学发现将与LTER校园计划和科学政策交流等组织一起转化为与教育和政策相关的信息。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Title: Collaborative Proposal: MSA: Controls on coupled nitrogen and carbon cycles of watersheds across eco-regionsNitrogen is a critical nutrient that supports life. Too much can cause problems such as unsightly algal blooms or coastal dead zones where fish cannot live. The fate of nitrogen is closely tied to the fate of carbon in plants and soil. However, the connection between nitrogen and carbon remains poorly understood. In particular, little is known about carbon and nitrogen interactions across different landscapes, from the tropics to the arctic. This project will help better understand what controls nitrogen leaving watersheds through streams. It will take advantage of data collected by the National Ecological Observatory Network across the nation's diverse environments. This research is important as people add more nitrogen to the land through air pollution, fertilizers, and septic systems. It will also help understand how much carbon the environment can absorb as carbon dioxide increases in the atmosphere. The project will result in new data sets that will be shared with other researchers. The project team will work with schools and local communities to explain how what happens on land affects water quality. Findings will be translated to be useful for policy makers. A diverse group of students will learn how to use environmental sensor technology. Consistent input and output measurements for terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems collected by NEON will be used to address the overarching question: "How tightly are watershed carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycles coupled across biomes and how is this coupling influenced by physical environmental conditions (climate and hydrology), vegetation characteristics, and legacies from past disturbance?" Hypotheses will be tested related to the role of watershed carbon to nitrogen ratios, precipitation, storminess, temperature, and disturbance using 1) ongoing NEON sensor, manually-collected, and remote sensing measurements to estimate watershed N inputs, N outputs and net ecosystem C exchange (NEE), 2) a terrestrial ecosystem model (PnET) to scale NEE to the entire watershed draining to streams, and 3) analysis of watershed net N and C fluxes against potential explanatory data for each domain. Twenty-two NEON watersheds defined by wadeable streams and proximity of NEE measurements will be used, incorporating a wide range of watershed characteristics. Watershed budget estimates will include estimates of uncertainty in both C and N fluxes and sinks. Scientific findings will be translated into education and policy relevant information with groups such as LTER Schoolyard program and the Science Policy Exchange.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.