Dynamics of Geysers in Stormsewer Systems and Novel Retrofitting Methods

雨水管道系统中间歇泉的动力学和新颖的改造方法

• 批准号: 1928850
• 负责人: Arturo Leon
• 金额: $ 32.97万
• 依托单位: Florida International University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2024-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1928850&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dynamics; Geysers; Stormsewer; Systems; Novel

Combined sewer overflows (CSOs) are the release of raw sewage and stormwater into receiving waterways when the system becomes filled. CSOs constitute a major source of water pollution for 860 municipalities across the United States. Combined sewer systems consist of a network of deep tunnels to move both stormwater and sewage. These systems can be filled rapidly with stormwater during rainfall events, resulting in the entrapment of large amounts of air. When the trapped air is released through vertical drop shafts, geyser eruptions are often produced. These geysers can exceed 30 meters in height and can cause massive flooding events that lead to the pollution of streams, rivers, and lakes. Many combined sewer systems are operated below design capacity to prevent geyser formation during rain events, but this increases the likelihood of CSOs. This research project will develop a mechanistic understanding of geyser formation that can be used to design retrofitting methods for drop shafts that allow the smooth release of air pockets without producing geysers. When geysers are no longer a concern, the full capacity of storm sewer systems can be utilized during rain events and hence CSO discharges will be reduced significantly. An outreach program will educate and train researchers, middle-school and college students from underrepresented groups, sewer system operators, and other stakeholders on the control of geysers and the impact of CSOs on water quality. The goal of the research project is to develop a fundamental understanding of the two-phase flow physics that triggers geysering in storm sewer systems. The research will utilize integrated high-speed optical imaging, digital particle image velocimetry, and 3-D computational fluid dynamics to model and confirm results from the laboratory-scale reproduction of geysers. Studies will be performed to understand the relationship between geyser eruption, system geometry, and initial flow conditions. A reduced order geyser model will be developed from these relationships and implemented in an open-source software format for modeling flow dynamics in storm sewer systems. Retrofitting strategies to permit the smooth release of air pockets will be preliminarily tested and validated using a 3-D model, and the most promising methods will be tested experimentally and confirmed numerically. The outcomes of this research will be used by scientists, hydraulic engineers, and other practitioners to inform future design and retrofitting strategies to prevent geyser formation in storm sewer systems. Students, regulators, and other stakeholders will learn from the software packages and educational outreach how to prevent geyser formation and reduce CSOs and their associated impacts on the environment.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

合流下水道溢流（CSO）是当系统充满时，将未经处理的污水和雨水释放到接收水道中。民间社会组织是美国860个城市水污染的主要来源。 混合下水道系统由一个深隧道网络组成，用于输送雨水和污水。 这些系统可以在降雨过程中迅速充满雨水，导致大量的空气滞留。 当被困的空气通过垂直下降井释放时，间歇泉喷发经常产生。 这些间歇泉的高度可以超过30米，并可能导致大规模的洪水事件，导致溪流，河流和湖泊的污染。许多合流下水道系统在设计容量以下运行，以防止在下雨时形成间歇泉，但这增加了民间社会组织的可能性。 该研究项目将开发间歇泉形成的机械理解，可用于设计竖井的改造方法，允许在不产生间歇泉的情况下平稳释放气穴。 当间歇泉不再是一个问题时，雨水下水道系统的全部容量可以在下雨时使用，因此CSO排放量将大大减少。 一个外联方案将教育和培训研究人员、来自代表性不足群体的中学生和大学生、下水道系统运营商和其他利益攸关方，使他们了解间歇泉的控制和民间社会组织对水质的影响。该研究项目的目标是发展的两相流物理触发间歇泉在暴雨下水道系统的基本理解。 该研究将利用集成的高速光学成像，数字粒子图像测速和三维计算流体动力学来模拟和确认实验室规模的间歇泉再现结果。 将进行研究，以了解间歇泉喷发，系统几何形状和初始流动条件之间的关系。 一个降阶间歇泉模型将从这些关系，并在一个开放源代码的软件格式，模拟雨水管道系统的流动动力学。 改造策略，允许顺利释放气穴将进行初步测试和验证使用3-D模型，最有前途的方法将进行实验测试和数值确认。 这项研究的结果将被科学家，水利工程师和其他从业人员用于通知未来的设计和改造策略，以防止在雨水管道系统中形成间歇泉。 学生、监管机构和其他利益相关者将从软件包和教育推广中学习如何防止间歇泉形成和减少民间社会组织及其对环境的相关影响。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

CFD Modeling of Storm Sewer Geysers in Partially Filled Dropshafts

• DOI: 10.1061/9780784484258.110
• 发表时间: 2022-06
• 期刊: World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2022
• 作者: Sumit R. Zanje;Pratik Mahyawansi;Arturo S. Leon;Cheng-Xian Lin

An Affordable PIV Technique for Water Using Potato Starch with Diode Laser and Smartphones

一种经济实惠的 PIV 技术，使用马铃薯淀粉、二极管激光器和智能手机来供水

• DOI: 10.1061/9780784484258.036
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: . World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2022: Adaptive Planning and Design in an Age of Risk and Uncertainty
• 作者: Mahyawansi, Pratik;Zange, Sumit R.;Lin, Cheng-Xian;Leon, Arturo S.
• 通讯作者: Leon, Arturo S.

UNDERSTANDING THE INFLUENCE OF PRESSURE DISTURBANCE ON THE TRANSITION OF STRATIFIED TO SLUG FLOW

了解压力扰动对分层流向段塞流转变的影响

• DOI: 10.1615/tfec2022.fnd.040491
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: 7th Thermal and Fluids Engineering Conference (TFEC
• 作者: Mahyawansi, Pratik;Lin, Cheng-Xian;Leon, Arturo S.
• 通讯作者: Leon, Arturo S.