RII Track-4: Penetrating the Inner Lives of Leaves to Breed Water-Wise Crops Using Math, 3D Imaging, and Experiments

RII Track-4：利用数学、3D 成像和实验深入了解叶子的内部生命，培育节水作物

• 批准号: 1929167
• 负责人: Christopher Muir
• 金额: $ 13.4万
• 依托单位: University of Hawaii
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-12-01 至 2022-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1929167&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RII; Track; Penetrating; Inner; Lives

There is a need to grow more food with less land and fewer inputs to meet the demands of a growing population while simultaneously protecting the environment. Leveraging traits in the wild relatives of crop species could help breed sustainable crop varieties that produce more food with fewer resources. Leaf anatomy has a major effect on photosynthesis by determining rates of carbon gain and water loss. The aim of this project is to figure out if the leaf anatomy of wild relatives can improve the water-use efficiency of crops. To achieve this goal, the PI will integrate existing mathematical representations of carbon and water movement within leaves, parameterize models with 3D images of leaves from wild tomato species, and test model predictions using customized equipment for measuring photosynthesis. The mathematical tools and data collected on wild tomatoes will improve our nation's ability to grow food sustainably.Wild relatives of crop species are an underutilized reservoir of traits that could make agriculture more sustainable. The internal anatomy of leaves influences the rate of carbon gain and water loss during photosynthesis. It is not clear how crop water-use efficiency could be improved by harnessing natural variation in leaf anatomy among crop-wild relatives. This project aims to leverage recent advances in modeling, imaging, and measuring of leaf interiors in order to discover how and why crop-wild relatives of tomato (Solanum spp.) use water more wisely than their domesticated cousins. The goals of this project are to 1) model gas exchange (H2O and CO2 fluxes) in the leaf interior to understand how anatomy affects water-use efficiency; 2) image 3D leaf interiors using microCT to accurately quantify key traits identified by modeling; and 3) measure gas exchange parameters in wild tomatoes to validate modeling. With collaborators at the University of California, Davis, these objectives will be achieved by analyzing a spatially-explicit model of CO2 and water transport within the leaf, parameterizing the model using 3D images of wild tomato leaf interiors, and testing model predictions using a custom gas exchange system for artificial gas mixtures. This work will reveal both the opportunities and potential challenges of improving crop sustainability by introducing leaf anatomical variation from wild relatives.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

需要用更少的土地和投入种植更多的粮食，以满足不断增长的人口的需求，同时保护环境。利用作物物种野生亲缘物种的特性可以帮助培育可持续的作物品种，以更少的资源生产更多的食物。叶片解剖结构通过决定碳的获得和水分的损失速率对光合作用有重要影响。该项目的目的是弄清楚野生亲缘植物的叶片解剖是否可以提高作物的水分利用效率。为了实现这一目标，PI将整合叶片内碳和水运动的现有数学表示，参数化模型与野生番茄物种叶片的3D图像，以及使用定制设备测量光合作用的测试模型预测。野生番茄的数学工具和收集的数据将提高我们国家可持续地种植粮食的能力。作物物种的野生近缘种是一个未充分利用的性状库，可以使农业更具可持续性。叶片的内部解剖结构影响光合作用过程中碳的获得和水分的损失速率。 目前还不清楚如何利用作物野生近缘种叶片解剖结构的自然变异来提高作物的水分利用效率。该项目旨在利用最新的进展，建模，成像和测量叶的内部，以发现如何以及为什么作物野生亲戚的番茄（茄属）。比它们驯养的表亲更明智地用水。该项目的目标是：1）模拟叶片内部的气体交换（H2O和CO2通量），以了解解剖学如何影响水分利用效率; 2）使用microCT对叶片内部进行3D成像，以准确量化建模确定的关键性状; 3）测量野生番茄的气体交换参数，以验证建模。与加州大学戴维斯分校的合作者一起，这些目标将通过分析叶内CO2和水传输的空间显式模型来实现，使用野生番茄叶内部的3D图像对模型进行参数化，并使用人工气体混合物的自定义气体交换系统测试模型预测。这项工作将揭示通过引入野生亲缘植物的叶片解剖变异来提高作物可持续性的机遇和潜在挑战。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Finding genes responsible for evolution of complex 3D leaf anatomy using tomographic microscopy

使用断层扫描显微镜寻找负责复杂 3D 叶子解剖结构进化的基因

• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Botany
• 影响因子: 1.1
• 作者: Muir, CD;Bonnin A;Buckley TN;Conesa, MÀ;Galmés J;McKlin S;Rippner DA;Schmeltz M;Théroux-Rancourt G
• 通讯作者: Théroux-Rancourt G