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Lake- and Sea-Effect Precipitation Systems in Complex Terrain

复杂地形中的湖泊和海洋效应降水系统

基本信息

批准号：
1929602
负责人：
W. James Steenburgh
金额：
$ 51.28万
依托单位：
University of Utah
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-10-01 至 2023-09-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1929602&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Lake Sea Effect Precipitation Systems

项目摘要

Intense lake-effect snowstorms frequently occur during cold-air outbreaks over large bodies of water such as the Great Lakes of North America. Salty bodies of water, such as the Sea of Japan, can generate similar storms. For example, "sea-effect" snowstorms produce prolific snowfalls in Japan near the Sea of Japan coast. Such storms, however, pose a major challenge for forecasting because they are often highly localized, leading to dramatic contrasts in snowfall from one community to the next. The research seeks to advance the knowledge and prediction of lake- and sea-effect snowstorms by determining how the presence of hills and mountains affects the intensity and distribution of snowfall downstream of large bodies of water such as the Great lakes and Sea of Japan. The project involves the mentoring of two graduate students, a research experience for an undergraduate student from an underrepresented group each summer, and international collaboration with meteorologists in Japan.The research focuses on two critical questions concerning the interaction of lake- and sea-effect snowstorms with complex terrain: (1) how does the interplay between lake- or sea-effect processes and orographic forcing influence storm dynamics and the inland and orographic enhancement of precipitation, and (2) how does the presence (or absence) of orography modulate inland penetration? In addition, the research examines the capabilities and limitations of forecasts produced by convection-permitting models and ensembles, which is a critical step for improving lake- and sea-effect forecasts. To explore a diversity of lake- and sea-effect processes and topographic interactions, the research team will examine and compare lake- and sea-effect systems generated by Lake Ontario and the Sea of Japan. In addition to using observations collected during the 2013/14 Ontario Winter Lake-effect Systems (OWLeS) field program in North America and well-sited radar and dense precipitation networks in Japan, the research will involve the use of real-data simulations by the Weather Research and Forecasting model and idealized simulations by the Bryan Cloud Model version 1 (CM1).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

强烈的湖泊效应暴风雪经常发生在冷空气爆发时大面积的水体，如北美的五大湖。日本海等含盐水体也能产生类似的风暴。例如，“海洋效应”暴风雪在日本海沿岸附近的日本产生了大量降雪。然而，这样的风暴对预报构成了重大挑战，因为它们通常高度局部化，导致一个社区与另一个社区的降雪量存在巨大差异。这项研究旨在通过确定丘陵和山脉的存在如何影响大湖和日本海等大型水体下游的降雪强度和分布，来提高对湖泊和海洋效应暴风雪的认识和预测。该项目包括指导两名研究生，每年夏天为一名来自代表性不足群体的本科生提供研究经验，以及与日本气象学家进行国际合作。研究集中在复杂地形下湖海效应暴雪相互作用的两个关键问题：(1)湖海效应过程和地形强迫的相互作用如何影响风暴动力学以及内陆和地形降水的增强；(2)地形的存在（或不存在）如何调节内陆穿透。此外，该研究还考察了允许对流的模式和组合所产生的预报的能力和局限性，这是改进湖泊和海洋影响预报的关键一步。为了探索湖海效应过程和地形相互作用的多样性，研究小组将检查和比较安大略湖和日本海产生的湖海效应系统。除了使用2013/14年北美安大略省冬季湖效应系统（OWLeS）实地项目和日本定位良好的雷达和密集降水网络收集的观测数据外，该研究还将使用天气研究和预报模型的真实数据模拟和Bryan云模型版本1 （CM1）的理想化模拟。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（5）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Characteristics of Lake-Effect Precipitation over the Black River Valley and Western Adirondack Mountains

黑河谷和西阿迪朗达克山脉湖泊效应降水特征

DOI：
10.1175/jamc-d-23-0026.1
发表时间：
2023
期刊：
Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology
影响因子：
3
作者：
Steenburgh, W. James;Cunningham, Julie A.;Bergmaier, Philip T.;Geerts, Bart;Veals, Peter
通讯作者：
Veals, Peter

Nonclassic evolution of a cold-frontal system across the western United States during the Intermountain Precipitation Experiment

山间降水实验期间美国西部冷锋系统的非经典演化