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Time-dependent Effects of Wildfire Ash and Root Decay on Hydrologic Behavior and Shallow Landslide Susceptibility of Wildfire-Burnt Slopes

野火灰烬和根腐烂对野火烧毁斜坡的水文行为和浅层滑坡敏感性的时间依赖性影响

基本信息

批准号：
1932129
负责人：
Idil Akin
金额：
$ 19.63万
依托单位：
Washington State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-08-01 至 2022-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1932129&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Time dependent Effects Wildfire Ash

项目摘要

An increased incidence of wildfires combined with high-intensity storms due to climate change has increased the wetting-induced shallow landslide susceptibility of hillslopes. Post-wildfire landslides and debris flows in recent years in the Western US have caused dozens of fatalities and tremendous economic loss. This project will deliver a framework specific to wildfire-burnt slopes for analyzing shallow landslide susceptibility of hillslopes with time. The new framework could be used to identify critical slopes and prevent catastrophic events that threatens human life, infrastructure, or natural resources. The goal of this project is to understand why and how the shallow landslide susceptibility of wildfire-burnt slopes changes with time and saturation due to root decay and transport of wildfire ash. A hillslope will be instrumented with suction and water content sensors immediately after a wildfire to determine the evolution of water retention behavior over time. Field samples will be collected monthly and scanned using X-ray computed tomography (XCT) to quantify macropore volume over time. The decay rate of fine roots will be quantified using laboratory-controlled burn experiments and XCT scans. The migration of wildfire ash into soil will be identified through saturated hydraulic conductivity tests. A suction-based slope stability analysis will be used to evaluate the change in the shallow landslide susceptibility of a wildfire-burnt slope with time and saturation. The understanding generated in the proposed research will be the first step toward forming a novel and complete framework specific to post-wildfire slope stability analysis as a function of time and saturation.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

由于气候变化，野火的发生率增加，加上高强度的风暴，增加了潮湿引起的山坡浅层滑坡的敏感性。近年来，美国西部野火后的山体滑坡和泥石流已造成数十人死亡和巨大的经济损失。该项目将提供一个特定于野火烧过的斜坡的框架，用于分析斜坡随时间推移的浅层滑坡敏感性。新框架可用于识别关键斜坡，并防止威胁人类生命、基础设施或自然资源的灾难性事件。本项目的目标是了解野火烧过的斜坡的浅层滑坡敏感性为什么以及如何随着时间和饱和度的变化，由于根腐烂和野火灰的运输。一个山坡将仪器与吸力和含水量传感器后，立即野火，以确定水的保留行为随着时间的推移演变。将每月采集现场样品，并使用X射线计算机断层扫描（XCT）进行扫描，以量化随时间推移的大孔隙体积。细根的腐烂率将使用实验室控制的烧伤实验和XCT扫描进行量化。将通过饱和导水率测试确定野火灰向土壤中的迁移。基于吸力的边坡稳定性分析将被用来评估野火烧过的边坡的浅层滑坡敏感性随时间和饱和度的变化。在拟议的研究中产生的理解将是第一步，形成一个新颖的和完整的框架，具体到野火后边坡稳定性分析作为时间和饱和度的函数。这个奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。