GEMT: Collaborative Research: From grain to rock and back again: Elucidating the coordinated evolution of exhumation pathways, rock strength and topography in the Taiwanese orogen

GEMT：合作研究：从颗粒到岩石再返回：阐明台湾造山带折返路径、岩石强度和地形的协调演化

• 批准号: 1933172
• 负责人: Eric Kirby
• 金额: $ 26.55万
• 依托单位: Oregon State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-04-01 至 2022-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1933172&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: GEMT; Collaborative; Research; grain; rock

Topography influences stress in the Earth’s crust and the pattern of deformation that arises during mountain building. Because the material properties of rocks near the surface of the Earth depend on their burial and exhumation history, in collisional mountain belts feedbacks may exist between the burial history of rocks in the subsurface, their strength at the surface, and topography. However, few field data exist to evaluate the strength of such feedbacks between surface and deep-Earth processes. This project will address this knowledge gap by quantifying the tectonic origin and geomorphic implications of variations in rock material properties across the Taiwan Central Range. In addition, this project will facilitate international collaboration between US and Taiwanese scientists through paired field expeditions and a student exchange program, leveraging new and existing research collaborations.To explore relationships among burial and exhumation history, rock strength, and topography, this project will collect and integrate a paired dataset of structural and geomorphic observations. Existing and new measurements of erosion rates and thermal and deformation history will constrain patterns in burial and exhumation. Field surveys of river corridors assisted by small unmanned aerial vehicles will facilitate characterization of how rock properties influence river incision and hillslope-channel coupling at high resolution (centimeter-scale) and large spatial extent (kilometer-scale). Repeat surveys will enable high-resolution analysis of river response to individual storms. Data from this project will serve as a baseline for quantifying landscape response to future extreme events and help to address hazards associated with landslides, floods, and sedimentation.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

地形影响地壳中的应力和造山过程中产生的变形模式。由于地球表面附近岩石的物质性质取决于它们的埋藏和折返历史，在碰撞山带中，地下岩石的埋藏历史、它们在地表的强度和地形之间可能存在反馈。然而，很少有实地数据可以用来评估地表和地球深部过程之间这种反馈的强度。本计画将借由量化台湾中央山脉岩石材料性质变异的构造成因与地貌意涵，来填补这一知识缺口。此外，本项目将通过配对实地考察和学生交流计划，促进美国和台湾科学家之间的国际合作，利用新的和现有的研究合作。为了探索埋葬和挖掘历史，岩石强度和地形之间的关系，本项目将收集和整合成对的结构和地貌观测数据集。现有的和新的测量侵蚀率和热和变形的历史将限制埋葬和掘出的模式。在小型无人驾驶飞行器的协助下对河流走廊进行实地调查，将有助于以高分辨率（厘米尺度）和大空间范围（更大尺度）描述岩石特性如何影响河流下切和山坡-河道耦合。重复调查将能够高分辨率分析河流对个别风暴的反应。该项目的数据将作为量化景观对未来极端事件的响应的基准，并有助于解决与山体滑坡、洪水和沉积相关的危害。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。