Collaborative Research: Evaluating the contribution of crustal deformation to the present-day tectonics of convergent margins: the southern Cascadia forearc
合作研究:评估地壳变形对当今会聚边缘构造的贡献:卡斯卡迪亚弧前南部
基本信息
- 批准号:1758463
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 23.56万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2018
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2018-07-15 至 2022-07-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Subduction zones are the sites of the Earth's largest and most damaging earthquakes. Between earthquakes, the Earth's crust accumulates strain, which is observed in gradual movement of GPS markers affixed to the ground (geodetic observations). In addition, the Earth's crust deforms over longer timescales of millions of years, such as the uplift of mountain ranges. The relationship between geodetic observations and long-term deformation is not well understood, especially with respect to earthquake hazards in subduction zones. This problem is particularly challenging at the southern end of the Cascadia Subduction zone, offshore of northern California and southern Oregon, where the Earth's crust is influenced both by subduction and by tectonic plate motion transferred from the San Andreas fault system to the south. However, the geologic characteristics of southern Cascadia make this region well-suited for understanding and isolating the processes that could drive upper crustal deformation and earthquakes. These characteristics include a combination of high topography, high uplift rates, and high erosion rates; rocks and deposits suitable for dating; and three potential, and testable, processes that could generate crustal deformation and subduction zone earthquakes. The goal of this research is to better understand how subduction zones work and to anticipate the size and timing of future earthquakes. In addition to the research objectives, this project includes partnering with faculty at Hoopa Valley Elementary School to develop geoscience field and laboratory exercises for sixth grade students. Hoopa Elementary is located in the heart of the region of scientific focus and serves primarily American Indian students. Hoopa Elementary School teachers will join the research team for summer field work. The project's university faculty and students will join the teachers in developing hands-on activities and field trips that will enable sixth grade students to practice each step of scientific research using real data - the results from this research. The research project would also advance other desired societal outcomes such as full participation of women and underrepresented minorities in STEM and development of a diverse, globally competitive STEM workforce through graduate and undergraduate student training and support of an early career researcher.The southern end of the Cascadia plate boundary in North America is marked by transition from Cascadia lithospheric subduction to San Andreas transform faulting. This complex region of deformation, the Mendocino Triple Junction, is migratory in space and time. Localized rock uplift and erosion rates, terrace formation, and river channel morphology have responded to northward movement of the Mendocino Triple Junction and possibly the Blanco Fracture Zone, which is a physiographic boundary between the Juan de Fuca plate and its Gorda segment. Limited understanding of the long-term deformation in the upper-plate of the Cascadia forearc and its tectonic drivers make it difficult to isolate the earthquake-cycle signal within observed patterns of present-day deformation. In particular, overprinting from different geologic signals - migratory differences in the character of the subducting plate and the propagating wave of crustal thickening associated with the Mendocino Triple Junction - requires an evaluation of deformation and topographic change across a range of timescales. This project is an integrated study of the Late Cenozoic uplift, exhumation and erosion of Southern Cascadia. By using multiple geochronologic proxies that are sensitive to different rates and timings of processes (i.e., AHe thermochronology [rock exhumation 1Ma], cosmogenic radionuclide burial dating on buried surfaces that are presently uplifted [uplift rate constrained from ~0-5Ma], and cosmogenic radionuclide-derived basin averaged erosion rates [averaged over last ~100ka]), it will be possible to develop a record of exhumation and erosion through time and detect spatial variations in the southern forearc. The preservation of relict landscape remnants will be exploited to reconstruct long-wavelength deformation/uplift patterns and to quantify relief production in the Late Cenozoic. Finally, geodynamic models will be used to explore the mechanisms driving permanent upper plate deformation, and address how tectonic deformation of southern Cascadia may impact the signal recorded in observed geodetic data. This research will aid estimation of earthquake hazards at subduction zones by isolating and identifying the contribution of (recoverable) earthquake cycle deformation and of tectonically-driven, geologic time scale deformation at a site well suited to record ongoing tectonic deformation and associated strain.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
俯冲带是地球上最大最具破坏性地震的发生地。在两次地震之间,地壳会积累应变,这可以通过贴在地面上的GPS标记逐渐移动(大地测量观测)来观察到。此外,地壳在数百万年的更长时间尺度上变形,比如山脉的隆起。大地测量观测和长期形变之间的关系还没有得到很好的理解,特别是在俯冲带的地震灾害方面。这个问题在卡斯卡迪亚俯冲带的南端尤其具有挑战性,在加利福尼亚北部和俄勒冈南部的近海,地壳受到俯冲和从圣安德烈亚斯断层系统向南转移的构造板块运动的影响。然而,南卡斯卡迪亚的地质特征使该地区非常适合理解和隔离可能导致上部地壳变形和地震的过程。这些特征包括高地形、高抬升率和高侵蚀率;适合测定年代的岩石和沉积物;还有三种潜在的、可测试的过程,可以产生地壳变形和俯冲带地震。这项研究的目的是更好地了解俯冲带是如何工作的,并预测未来地震的大小和时间。除了研究目标之外,该项目还包括与Hoopa Valley小学的教师合作,为六年级学生开发地球科学领域和实验室练习。Hoopa小学位于科学中心地区的中心,主要服务于美国印第安学生。虎霸小学的老师们将加入研究团队,进行暑期实地考察。该项目的大学教师和学生将与教师一起开展实践活动和实地考察,使六年级学生能够使用实际数据-这项研究的结果-实践科学研究的每一步。该研究项目还将促进其他预期的社会成果,如妇女和代表性不足的少数民族充分参与STEM,以及通过对研究生和本科生的培训和对早期职业研究人员的支持,培养多元化的、具有全球竞争力的STEM劳动力。北美卡斯卡迪亚板块边界的南端标志着卡斯卡迪亚岩石圈俯冲向圣安德烈亚斯转换断裂的转变。这个复杂的变形区域,门多西诺三重交界处,在空间和时间上都是迁移的。局部的岩石隆升和侵蚀速率、阶地形成和河道形态都与门多西诺三联结(Mendocino Triple Junction)和可能的布兰科断裂带(Blanco Fracture Zone)的北移有关。布兰科断裂带是胡安·德·富卡板块与其戈达板块之间的地理边界。由于对卡斯卡迪亚前弧上板块的长期变形及其构造驱动因素的了解有限,因此很难在观测到的现今变形模式中分离出地震周期信号。特别是来自不同地质信号的叠印——俯冲板块特征的迁移差异和与门多西诺三联结相关的地壳增厚传播波——需要在一系列时间尺度上对变形和地形变化进行评估。本项目是对南卡斯卡迪亚晚新生代隆升、挖掘和侵蚀的综合研究。通过使用多种对不同速率和时间过程敏感的地质年代学指标(即:AHe热年代学[岩石挖掘1Ma],宇宙成因放射性核素埋藏定年[抬升速率限制在~0-5Ma],以及宇宙成因放射性核素衍生的盆地平均侵蚀速率[过去~100ka的平均值]),这将有可能发展出挖掘和侵蚀的时间记录,并探测到南部前弧的空间变化。残存景观遗迹的保存将用于重建长波变形/隆起模式,并量化晚新生代的地形起伏。最后,利用地球动力学模型探索上板块永久变形的驱动机制,并探讨南卡斯卡迪亚构造变形如何影响观测大地测量数据记录的信号。这项研究将通过隔离和识别(可恢复的)地震周期变形和构造驱动的贡献,帮助估计俯冲带的地震危害,地质时间尺度的变形非常适合记录正在进行的构造变形和相关应变。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命,并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估,被认为值得支持。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Eric Kirby其他文献
Late Quaternary variations in paleoerosion rates in the northern Qilian Shan revealed by 10Be in fluvial terraces
Be-10揭示河流阶地北祁连山古侵蚀速率晚第四纪变化
- DOI:
10.1016/j.geomorph.2021.107751 - 发表时间:
2021-04 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:3.9
- 作者:
Tian Qingying;Eric Kirby;Zheng Wenjun;Zhang Huiping;Liang Hao;Li Zhigang;Wang Weitao;Li Tao;Zhang Yipeng;Xu Binbin;Zhang Peizhen - 通讯作者:
Zhang Peizhen
Initiation and Evolution of the Shanxi Rift System in North China: Evidence from 2 Low-Temperature Thermochronology in a Plate Reconstruction Framework
华北山西裂谷系的起源与演化:来自板块重建框架中的两次低温年代学的证据
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:4.2
- 作者:
Peng Su;Honglin He;Xibin Tan;Yiduo Liu;Feng Shi;Eric Kirby - 通讯作者:
Eric Kirby
Expansion of the tibetan plateau during the neogene
- DOI:
DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15887 - 发表时间:
2017 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:
- 作者:
Weitao Wang;Wenjun Zheng;Peizhen Zhang;Qiang Li;Eric Kirby;Daoyang Yuan;Dewen Zheng;Caicai Liu - 通讯作者:
Caicai Liu
Tectonically twisted rivers
构造扭曲的河流
- DOI:
10.1038/ngeo1594 - 发表时间:
2012-10-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:16.100
- 作者:
Eric Kirby - 通讯作者:
Eric Kirby
Eric Kirby的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Eric Kirby', 18)}}的其他基金
Collaborative Research: Evaluating the contribution of crustal deformation to the present-day tectonics of convergent margins: the southern Cascadia forearc
合作研究:评估地壳变形对当今会聚边缘构造的贡献:卡斯卡迪亚弧前南部
- 批准号:
2230607 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 23.56万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
GEMT: Collaborative Research: From grain to rock and back again: Elucidating the coordinated evolution of exhumation pathways, rock strength and topography in the Taiwanese orogen
GEMT:合作研究:从颗粒到岩石再返回:阐明台湾造山带折返路径、岩石强度和地形的协调演化
- 批准号:
2231170 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 23.56万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
GEMT: Collaborative Research: From grain to rock and back again: Elucidating the coordinated evolution of exhumation pathways, rock strength and topography in the Taiwanese orogen
GEMT:合作研究:从颗粒到岩石再返回:阐明台湾造山带折返路径、岩石强度和地形的协调演化
- 批准号:
1933172 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
$ 23.56万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Support for a U.S.-Taiwan Workshop on the Feedbacks Among Climate, Erosion and Tectonics
支持美国-台湾气候、侵蚀和构造反馈研讨会
- 批准号:
1650147 - 财政年份:2016
- 资助金额:
$ 23.56万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Mantle Dynamics, Lithospheric Structure, and Topographic Evolution of the Southeastern US Continental Margin
合作研究:地幔动力学、岩石圈结构和美国东南部大陆边缘的地形演化
- 批准号:
1251538 - 财政年份:2013
- 资助金额:
$ 23.56万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Probing the Rheology of Tibetan Lithosphere: Surface Deformation in Response to Climatically-Induced Changes in Lake Loads
探讨青藏高原岩石圈的流变性:气候引起的湖泊荷载变化引起的地表变形
- 批准号:
0911587 - 财政年份:2010
- 资助金额:
$ 23.56万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Acquisition of a subsurface radar imaging facility at Penn State
收购宾夕法尼亚州立大学的地下雷达成像设施
- 批准号:
0841901 - 财政年份:2009
- 资助金额:
$ 23.56万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: How is Strain of the Eastern California Shear Zone Transferred Across the Garlock Fault?
合作研究:东加州剪切带的应变如何跨加洛克断层传递?
- 批准号:
0643096 - 财政年份:2007
- 资助金额:
$ 23.56万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Colorado Rockies Experiment and Seismic Transects (CREST): Time-space Patterns of Cenozoic Uplift-magmatism and their Correspondence to the Aspen Anomaly
合作研究:科罗拉多落基山脉实验和地震断面(CREST):新生代隆升岩浆作用的时空模式及其与阿斯彭异常的对应
- 批准号:
0607534 - 财政年份:2006
- 资助金额:
$ 23.56万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Upward and Outward: Tibetan Plateau growth and climatic consequences
合作研究:向上和向外:青藏高原的增长和气候后果
- 批准号:
0506622 - 财政年份:2005
- 资助金额:
$ 23.56万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
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