Support for a U.S.-Taiwan Workshop on the Feedbacks Among Climate, Erosion and Tectonics

认识到气候调节的侵蚀作用支配着活跃山脉的发展，可以说是板块构造革命之后地球科学中最具变革性的概念转变之一。构造活动地区的地形是气候、构造和地表过程相互作用的结果。山脉的形成增加了地形坡度，这直接影响了侵蚀过程的速度和效率。上升的陆块还可以通过改变气流和加热模式、影响降水的大小和模式来影响气候。由气候驱动的侵蚀引起的质量再分配之间的反馈可以影响山带内的应力状态、热结构和随后的变形模式，而这些正是驱动地形生长的机制。然而，这些不同的相互作用和耦合的强度仍然存在争议。此外，这些过程对生活在山区的人类的福祉有强烈的影响。该项目支持一个美台研讨会，该研讨会将评估目前的研究状况并确定未来的跨学科研究方向。研讨会的一个主要目标是通过发展合作研究项目来增加美国和台湾之间的伙伴关系，这些合作研究项目受益于两国的研究专长，从而加强两国内部的研究活动，同时促进对山地建筑、气候和地表过程之间复杂联系的理解。学生和早期职业科学家的参与将确保长期合作的发展，从科学劳动力的发展和科学思想的交流的角度来看，这是互利的。该项目支持美国科学家参加美国台湾研讨会，该研讨会将于2017年在俄勒冈州立大学举行。本次研讨会的主要目的是促进跨学科的研究，探讨造山、气候和地表过程之间的联系和反馈。活动的海岸和喀斯喀特山脉将在会前和会后的实地考察中探索，这将为讲习班提供背景。具体来说，研讨会的目标有四个方面：(1)评估当前对气候、造山和景观演化之间的反馈如何控制造山系统轨迹的理解状况；(2)确定并完善利用跨学科方法的研究目标，这些方法将导致我们对耦合的固体和流体地球系统的理解取得下一组进展；(3)加强美国和台湾科学家之间的新兴合作，促进具体研究战略的发展，以实现研究目标；(4)扩大研究目标的范围，包括台湾造山运动以外的系统，并增加更广泛的美国研究人员的参与。研讨会围绕两个关键主题组织：本项目由构造学计划、地貌学和土地利用动力学（均在地球科学理事会地球科学部）和NSF国际科学与工程办公室提供支持。

The recognition that climatically modulated erosion acts to govern the development of active mountain ranges is arguably one of the most transformative conceptual shifts in the geosciences subsequent to the plate tectonic revolution. Topography in tectonically active regions results from an interplay among climatic, tectonic, and surface processes. The building of mountains increases topographic slopes, which directly influences the rate and efficiency of erosional processes. Rising landmasses can also influence climate by altering patterns of airflow and heating, influencing the magnitude and pattern of precipitation. Feedbacks between the redistribution of mass by climate-driven erosion can influence the state of stress, thermal structure, and subsequent deformation patterns within mountain belts, the very mechanisms that drive the growth of topography. The strength of these various interactions and coupling, however, is still contested. Furthermore, these processes have strong impacts on the well being of humans living in mountainous terrains. This project supports a U.S.-Taiwan workshop that would assess the current state of research and identify future interdisciplinary research directions. A key objective of the workshop is to increase partnerships between the U.S. and Taiwan through the development of collaborative research projects that benefit from research expertise in both countries, thereby strengthening research activities within each country while advancing understanding of the complex linkages among mountain building, climate, and surface processes. The participation of students and early-career scientists in the workshop will ensure the development of long-term collaborations that are mutually beneficial both from the perspective of the development of the scientific workforce and the exchange of scientific ideas. This project supports the participation of U.S. based scientists in a U.S. Taiwan workshop, which will be held at Oregon State University in 2017. The overarching purpose of this workshop is to promote interdisciplinary research on the linkages and feedbacks among mountain building, climate, and surface processes. The active Coast and Cascade Ranges, which will be explored during pre- and post-meeting field trips, will provide the backdrop for the workshop. Specifically, the workshop goals are four-fold: (1) evaluate the current state of understanding in how feedbacks among climate, mountain building, and landscape evolution govern the trajectory of orogenic systems; (2) identify and refine research goals that capitalize on transdisciplinary approaches that will lead to the next set of advances in our understanding of coupled solid and fluid earth systems; (3) strengthen emerging collaborations between U.S. and Taiwan scientists and to foster the development of specific research strategies to address research goals; and (4) broaden the scope of research goals to include systems beyond the Taiwan orogeny and to increase participation from a broader swath of U.S. researchers. The workshop is organized around two key themes: This project is supported by the Tectonics Program and the Geomorphology and Land Use Dynamics (both in the Earth Sciences Division, Geosciences Directorate) and NSF's Office of International Science and Engineering.