Collaborative Research: How is Strain of the Eastern California Shear Zone Transferred Across the Garlock Fault?

交叉断层系统的相互作用可能是复杂的，并可能导致复杂的变形和叠加在所有尺度的结构上。 在这方面，一个特别感兴趣的地区是在东加州，东加州剪切带（ECSZ）和Garlock断层相交。 ECSZ是一个100公里宽的北-西北走向的走滑断层带，其类型和方向与圣安德烈亚斯断层相似; Garlock断层是一个大致东向的走滑断层，其运动方向相反。 加洛克是通过去，而故障的ECSZ似乎结束，因为他们接近加洛克。 虽然Garlock看起来是更连续的结构，但GPS和卫星信息似乎表明，与ECSZ有关的变形不断穿过它。该项目正在研究这两个系统如何在中观和宏观尺度上相互作用。 特别是，映射在该领域的故障和褶皱相关的两个结构系统的目的是评估是否故障的ECSZ确实结束（如果是这样的话，如何）之前，达到加洛克。 映射也显示了加洛克是否像以前认为的那样连续。 还正在收集样本，以确定各种偏移地貌和表面特征的年龄。 这提供了每个断层移动的速率。 该信息补充了显示故障如何结束的映射，因为运动的损失可以与运动速率相关。 在某些地方，探地雷达用于成像断层在地下的方向。 该信息对于评估运动速率也至关重要。 通过收集所有这些不同类型的信息，该项目试图详细了解ECSZ和Garlock的相互作用，从而确定地壳如何在复杂断层区域变形。 这对了解北美西部地壳的整体变形至关重要。

The interaction of intersecting fault systems can be complex and can lead to complicated deformation and overprinting on structures at all scales. An area of particular interest in this regard is in eastern California where the Eastern California shear zone (ECSZ) and the Garlock fault intersect. The ECSZ is a 100 km wide belt of north-northwest trending strike-slip faults of similar type and orientation as the San Andreas fault; the Garlock fault a roughly east trending strike-slip fault of opposite sense of motion. The Garlock is through going whereas faults of the ECSZ seem to end as they approach the Garlock. Although the Garlock appears to be the more continuous structure, GPS and satellite information seem to show that deformation related to the ECSZ passes continuously across it. The project is investigating how these two systems interact at mesoscopic and macroscopic scales. In particular, mapping in the field of faults and folds related to both structural systems is aimed at assessing whether faults of the ECSZ do indeed end (and if so how) before reaching the Garlock. Mapping is also showing if the Garlock is as continuous as previously thought. Samples are also being collected to determine the ages of various offset landforms and surface features. This provides the rate at which each fault is moving. This information complements the mapping showing how the faults end in that the loss of motion can be correlated with the rates of motion. In some locations, Ground Penetrating Radar is used to image how faults are oriented in the subsurface. This information is also critical to assess the rates of motion. By the collection of all these different types of information, the project is attempting to understand in detail the interaction of the ECSZ and Garlock and thus determine how the crust of the earth deforms in areas of complicated faulting. This is critical to understanding the overall deformation of the crust in the western part of North America.