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Novel photonic devices based on the concept of space-time duality

基于时空二象性概念的新型光子器件

基本信息

批准号：
1933328
负责人：
Govind Agrawal
金额：
$ 40万
依托单位：
University of Rochester
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-09-01 至 2023-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1933328&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Novel photonic devices based concept

项目摘要

Nontechnical Description This project explores the interaction of light pulses inside optical fibers. Specifically, intense light pulses can change the optical properties, like the index of refraction, of a glass fiber. Just as the change in the index of refraction between air and a piece of window glass causes some of the incident light to be reflected, the index of refraction change caused by an intense optical pulse can also alter the propagation of light. This change is transient and propagates at the speed of light in the fiber. If two light pulses of different frequencies propagate in an optical fiber, they will travel at different velocities. If one of those pulses is intense enough to change the material properties of the fiber, the second pulse will split into two pulses at two new frequencies. A temporal version of total internal reflection can also occur such that the entire pulse energy never crosses the temporal boundary across which the index of refraction changes its numerical value. These phenomena have been predicted but have not yet been observed. Observing these interactions will enable a new class of photonic devices where light is controlled by light. The proposed research will further advance our understanding in the field of ultrafast optics and provide us new tools for pulse manipulation and shaping. Such devices are likely to find applications in a variety of technical areas ranging from telecommunications to biomedical engineering.Technical Description The concept of space-time duality will allow us to apply the techniques known from spatial diffraction of optical beams to control short pulses in the time domain. The proposed research will develop novel photonic devices through well-thought experiments that will be guided by the theoretical and numerical expertise the PIs have developed in recent years. The initial experiments will realize a temporal waveguide using the nonlinear phenomena of cross-phase modulation inside an optical fiber. The resulting waveguide will be used to control timing jitter between two pulse trains emitted by independently running mode-locked lasers. Another objective is to synthesize pulses of arbitrary shapes using an electro-optic phase modulator. Since our approach is based mostly on phase changes, it is expected to have lower insertion losses compared to alternatives and would be suitable for applications where energy efficiency is a top requirement. We shall also employ the temporal version of the Talbot effect to convert a continuous-wave signal into a source of optical pulses whose repetition rate is tunable. In this project, we will work with graduate and undergraduate students to explore fully the implications of space-time duality and develop novel photonic devices with functionalities and applications in the areas of ultrafast science and technology.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

本项目探索光脉冲在光纤内部的相互作用。具体来说，强光脉冲可以改变玻璃纤维的光学特性，比如折射率。正如空气和一块窗玻璃之间折射率的变化会导致一些入射光被反射一样，强光脉冲引起的折射率变化也会改变光的传播。这种变化是短暂的，在光纤中以光速传播。如果两个不同频率的光脉冲在光纤中传播，它们将以不同的速度传播。如果其中一个脉冲的强度足以改变光纤的材料特性，那么第二个脉冲将在两个新的频率上分裂成两个脉冲。全内反射的时间版本也可能发生，使得整个脉冲能量永远不会越过折射率改变其数值的时间边界。这些现象已被预测到，但尚未被观察到。观察这些相互作用将使一类新的光子器件成为可能，其中光被光控制。该研究将进一步促进我们对超快光学领域的认识，并为脉冲操纵和整形提供新的工具。这种设备可能会在从电信到生物医学工程等各种技术领域得到应用。技术描述时空对偶的概念将使我们能够应用已知的光束空间衍射技术来控制时域中的短脉冲。拟议的研究将通过经过深思熟虑的实验来开发新型光子器件，这些实验将由pi近年来发展起来的理论和数值专业知识指导。初步实验将利用光纤内部交叉相位调制的非线性现象来实现时间波导。由此产生的波导将用于控制由独立运行的锁模激光器发出的两个脉冲序列之间的时序抖动。另一个目标是利用电光相位调制器合成任意形状的脉冲。由于我们的方法主要基于相位变化，因此与替代方案相比，预计其插入损耗更低，并且适用于对能效要求最高的应用。我们还将采用塔尔伯特效应的时间版本，将连续波信号转换为重复频率可调的光脉冲源。在本项目中，我们将与研究生和本科生合作，充分探索时空二象性的含义，并在超快科学技术领域开发具有功能和应用的新型光子器件。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。