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SitS NSF-UKRI: Phytoelectronic Soil Sensing

SitS NSF-UKRI：植物电子土壤传感

基本信息

批准号：
1935594
负责人：
Robert McLeod
金额：
$ 79.94万
依托单位：
University of Colorado at Boulder
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-01-15 至 2024-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1935594&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
SitS NSF UKRI Phytoelectronic Soil

项目摘要

The research objectives of this project at the University of Colorado, University of Cambridge in the UK and USDA-ARS are to measure the state of the soil accurately, densely and remotely using plants as in situ chemical laboratories. Correlations between the state of the soil and the contents of the major water-conducting tissue in plants, the xylem, are well-established. Xylem contents will be analyzed in "interrogator plants" by implanting bioelectronic sensors in plant stems, inducing xylem to form around them and remotely communicating data from these sensors by low-power radio transmission. This approach will avoid the complexity of sensing the soil directly by instead detecting the chemical response of vascular fluids to chemical and biological changes in the soil around the roots. These fluids, which are transported by the woody xylem tissues, are under negative pressure and thus typically difficult to access. The project will therefore investigate a number of regeneration techniques for surgically implanted, small sensors such that these sensors become associated with xylem tissue in graft junctions, much like the grafting currently used routinely in fruit trees. The entire small sensor including implanted electronics and regenerative coating will be screen-printed for very low cost. Screen printing recipes and other enabling techniques will be shared with the public through the Open Science Framework. Public use of these results will be further fostered by funded kits distributed to teams through the international BioMaker and OpenPlant programs.The research will explore the new field of phytoelectronics, the convergence of botany for biorecognition, bioelectronics for chemo-sensing, internet-of-things (IoT) electronics for communication, and machine-learning for classification. The goals of the research are to 1) create an inexpensive, potentially biodegradable platform for multi-variate sensing of the soil utilizing the inherent robustness of living plants to operate autonomously in variable conditions; 2) merge these plants with the IoT in which buried roots extract and communicate soil state chemically to embedded multi-analyte, electronic sensors that then digitize and relay these data to servers for integration and machine learning; and 3) advance understanding of the interaction of soil and the biosphere by selecting plants specialized for specific chemical, pathogen or ecological signals and using them as instruments. The team will accomplish these goals by 1) printing the multi-analyte sensors based on arrays of organic electrochemical transistors individually functionalized with ion specific membranes, 2) creating printable drug-release coatings for the electronics that encourage regeneration of xylem tissue near the surgically implanted sensor, and 3) connecting these "chipped plants" to RFID or LoRA backscatter communication tags which are interrogated remotely to retrieve digitized sensor response. At program end, the combination of these studies should enable the soil nitrate concentration in a cornfield to be monitored daily with resolution down to square meters.This project was awarded through the "Signals in the Soil (SitS)opportunity, a collaborative solicitation that involves the ENG/CBET and BIO/IOS divisions of the National Science Foundation (NSF), the United States Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture (USDA NIFA) and the following United Kingdom Research and Innovation (UKRI) research councils: 1) The Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), 2) the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), 3) the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), and the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

科罗拉多大学、英国剑桥大学和USDA-ARS的这一项目的研究目标是利用植物作为现场化学实验室，准确、密集和远程地测量土壤状况。土壤状态与植物中主要的水分传导组织--木质部的含量之间的相关性是建立得很好的。通过在植物茎中植入生物电子传感器，诱导其周围形成木质部，并通过低功率无线电传输远程传输来自这些传感器的数据，将在“询问器植物”中分析木质部的含量。这种方法将避免直接感知土壤的复杂性，而是通过检测血管流体对根部周围土壤中化学和生物变化的化学反应。这些液体由木质木质部组织输送，处于负压下，因此通常很难进入。因此，该项目将研究一些通过手术植入的小型传感器的再生技术，使这些传感器与嫁接接头中的木质部组织联系在一起，就像目前在果树上常规使用的嫁接一样。整个小型传感器，包括植入的电子设备和再生涂层，将采用丝网印刷，成本非常低。丝网印刷配方和其他使能技术将通过开放科学框架与公众分享。通过国际Biomaker和OpenPlants计划向团队分发资助试剂盒，这些研究将进一步促进公众使用这些成果。这项研究将探索植物电子学的新领域，探索用于生物识别的植物学融合，用于化学传感的生物电子学，用于通信的物联网电子学，以及用于分类的机器学习。研究的目标是1)创建一个廉价的、潜在的可生物降解的土壤多变量传感平台，利用活植物在可变条件下自主运行的固有健壮性；2)将这些植物与物联网合并，在物联网中埋藏的根提取土壤状态，并将其化学地传达给嵌入式多分析物、电子传感器，然后将这些数据数字化并将这些数据传递到服务器以进行集成和机器学习；以及3)通过选择专用于特定化学、病原体或生态信号的植物并将其用作工具，提高对土壤与生物圈相互作用的理解。该团队将通过以下方式实现这些目标：1)打印基于有机电化学晶体管阵列的多分析物传感器，这些晶体管分别具有离子特定膜的功能；2)为电子设备创建可打印的药物释放涂层，鼓励手术植入的传感器附近的木质部组织再生；3)将这些“芯片植物”连接到RFID或LORA背向散射通信标签，远程询问这些标签以检索数字化的传感器响应。在计划结束时，这些研究的结合应该能够以精确到平方米的分辨率每天监测玉米地的土壤硝酸盐浓度。该项目是通过“土壤中的信号(SITS)机会”获得的，这是一个合作征集项目，涉及国家科学基金会(NSF)的ENG/CBET和BIO/iOS部门、美国农业部国家粮食和农业研究所(USDA NIFA)和以下英国研究与创新(UKRI)研究委员会：1)自然环境研究委员会(NERC)，2)生物技术和生物科学研究委员会(BBSRC)，3)工程和物理科学研究理事会(EPSRC)和科学和技术设施理事会(STFC)。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。