CoPe: EAGER: Collaborative Research: Development of A Novel, Mobile Coastal Observatory for Quantifying Coastal Carbon Cycling by Professional and Citizen Scientists

CoPe：EAGER：合作研究：由专业和公民科学家开发新型移动式沿海观测站，用于量化沿海碳循环

• 批准号: 1940100
• 负责人: Peter Girguis
• 金额: $ 9.14万
• 依托单位: Harvard University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-15 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1940100&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CoPe; EAGER; Collaborative; Research; Development

Coastal zones provide a host of ecosystem services, including sequestering carbon dioxide produced by human activities. To date, quantification of coastal carbon sequestration (e.g., "Blue Carbon") and emissions are limited by an inability to adequately resolve spatial and temporal patterns of carbon concentrations and fluxes. This project embraces a new approach for the deployment, collection, and analysis of data for the goals of increasing our understanding of the spatial and temporal dynamics of coastal carbon cycling while simultaneously reducing barriers to accessing new technologies and empowering a range of stakeholders to collect and share data. This project will address the challenge of broader access by developing a local/regional HUB for sharing in situ sensors. This project leverages the "Share-Economy" human-technology relationship as a model (e.g., Zipcar, Airbnb) that may be adapted with "goods" and "services" re-defined by the activities of scientific data collection, instruments, and knowledge dissemination. The success of this model has wide ranging implications for how we develop and use other sensors and technology for understanding central processes in the functioning of our planet. This project will contribute not only an increased understanding of coastal carbon cycling, but also a new model for sensor sharing that will be widely applicable to other ecosystems and data collection needs. The results of this project will be disseminated widely through publications, conference presentations, press releases, and outreach to the public. For example, this project will engage a variety of users through sensor development workshops held at relevant conferences, and will engage the public through a free public lecture series at the Harvard Museum of Natural History (HMNH) on "ZipScience: A 21st century approach to enabling the broad community to access emerging technologies." This project aims to quantify spatial and temporal patterns of carbon concentrations and fluxes in coastal ecosystems and to share this ability with a wide variety of end users. To do so, this project will develop novel "sensor systems" that leverage state-of-the-art, off-the shelf, commercial detectors and communication technologies. During this effort, this project will also entail the explicit recruitment and engagement of stakeholders (as well as computer scientists who specialize in online data management / presentation) to assess the value and sustainability of a "sensor-sharing" program that would allow stakeholders to check out, deploy, and return these systems to the local/regional hubs. Specifically, this project will develop wireless, easily portable sensor networks that: 1) quantify in situ inorganic carbon concentrations and fluxes as well as pH, temperature, oxygen, and other factors in coastal environments using industrial sensor technologies; 2) collect and preserve water, enabling a variety of lab-based investigations from microbiology to microplastic quantification; 3) use widespread cellular communications to pass data to a cloud-based web platform that will complete first-pass online data processing for rapid, online, and open-access visualizations. This project also includes a robust needs-based assessment to plan the next phase of coastal in situ sensor networks. As part of this assessment, these sensors will be employed by many different stakeholders for widespread data collection and processing. This project will then assess if a "rental and/or loan model" is a practical solution to meet broader community needs. Through workshops at relevant scientific meetings, and individual stakeholder interviews, this project will assess opportunities and challenges to widespread adoption of these core sensor packages, and develop a long-term strategy for inclusion of other sensors as well as sensor needs beyond what this project covers.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

海岸带提供大量生态系统服务，包括封存人类活动产生的二氧化碳。迄今为止，沿海碳固存(如“蓝碳”)和排放量的量化受到无法充分解决碳浓度和通量的空间和时间模式的限制。该项目采用了一种新的数据部署、收集和分析方法，目的是增加我们对沿海碳循环时空动态的了解，同时减少获取新技术的障碍，并使一系列利益攸关方能够收集和共享数据。该项目将通过开发一个共享现场传感器的本地/区域枢纽来应对更广泛获取的挑战。该项目利用“分享经济”的人与技术的关系作为一种模式(如Zipcar、Airbnb)，可采用科学数据收集、仪器和知识传播活动重新定义的“商品”和“服务”。这一模型的成功对我们如何开发和使用其他传感器和技术以了解地球运行的中心过程具有广泛的影响。该项目不仅将有助于增进对沿海碳循环的了解，还将有助于建立一种新的传感器共享模式，该模式将广泛适用于其他生态系统和数据收集需求。该项目的成果将通过出版物、会议报告、新闻稿和面向公众的宣传广泛传播。例如，该项目将通过在相关会议上举办的传感器开发研讨会吸引不同的用户，并将通过在哈佛自然历史博物馆(HMNH)举办的免费公开讲座系列吸引公众，主题是“ZipScience：使广大社区能够获得新兴技术的21世纪方法”。该项目旨在量化沿海生态系统中碳浓度和通量的空间和时间模式，并与各种最终用户分享这一能力。为了做到这一点，该项目将开发利用最先进的、现成的、商业探测器和通信技术的新型“传感器系统”。在这一努力中，该项目还将需要明确招募和参与利益相关者(以及专门从事在线数据管理/演示的计算机科学家)，以评估“传感器共享”计划的价值和可持续性，该计划将允许利益相关者检查、部署这些系统，并将其返还给当地/地区中心。具体地说，该项目将开发无线的、易于携带的传感器网络，该网络将：1)使用工业传感器技术对沿海环境中的无机碳浓度和通量以及pH、温度、氧气和其他因素进行现场量化；2)收集和保存水，使从微生物学到微塑性量化的各种实验室研究成为可能；3)使用广泛的蜂窝通信将数据传输到基于云的网络平台，该平台将完成快速、在线和开放访问的可视化的首次在线数据处理。该项目还包括一项强有力的基于需求的评估，以规划沿海就地传感器网络的下一阶段。作为这项评估的一部分，这些传感器将被许多不同的利益攸关方用于广泛的数据收集和处理。然后，该项目将评估“租赁和/或贷款模式”是否是满足更广泛社区需求的实际解决方案。通过相关科学会议的研讨会和个人利益相关者访谈，该项目将评估广泛采用这些核心传感器包的机会和挑战，并制定一项长期战略，纳入其他传感器以及超出该项目覆盖范围的传感器需求。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。