CAREER: Deciphering how dynamic environments and nutrition affect life history tradeoffs in a highly migratory insect pest

职业：破译动态环境和营养如何影响高度迁徙害虫的生活史权衡

• 批准号: 1942054
• 负责人: Arianne Cease
• 金额: $ 79.33万
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-08-01 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1942054&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Deciphering; how; dynamic; environments

When the environment changes rapidly, insect populations can adapt to their environment, move to a new environment, or perish. Locusts are grasshoppers that can move as needed, transitioning from a phase where they avoid other locusts to a massive swarm of locusts moving together from one region to another (migration). Because locust swarms can destroy crops, a lot of research has been conducted on locusts to understand the control of migration. These insects are able to change quickly to develop the ability to migrate when they choose access to distant resources over other life needs, such as immune function and reproduction. However, despite the devastating impact locusts can have on ecosystems (including crops) and human communities (destruction of crops impacts farmer livelihoods), little is known about how environmental factors trigger this change in locusts. It is known that in a variety of animals, the availability of various nutrients affects growth, reproduction, and immunology. While nutritional variation is expected to be a key factor, no prior research has evaluated how nutritional variation affects the ability of insects to migrate. This CAREER project will combine local and international educational opportunities, as well as lab and field research to test how nutrition, population density, and historical habitat variability interact to affect migration, immune function, and reproduction of locusts. The results will be used to develop sustainable management and policy recommendations and will be provided to global partners to improve livelihoods, and human and environmental health.This CAREER project will answer fundamental questions about the mechanisms that determine whether migration occurs: (1) What are the physiological trade-offs associated with migrating vs. not migrating, specifically among capacities to migrate, fight disease, and reproduce? (2) How do population density and nutritional quality (specifically protein:carbohydrate ratio of the diet) affect these tradeoffs? (3) How does historical environmental variability affect population-level variation in responses to migration-inducing stimuli? (Are populations that have evolved with more variable habitats more likely to migrate?) Answering these questions will broadly advance our understanding of why and how animals migrate, how to predict migratory responses to global change, and provide fundamental insights into the ecophysiology of one of the most economically important insect pests. A combination of the PI's long-term research partnerships established locust colonies and rearing facilities at ASU, and education plan engaging university trainees, farmers, and international scholars will allow for unprecedented integrated lab and field research-connecting individual biological function with continental-level landscapes. In addition, the PI and her team will develop a research-intensive undergraduate course where students will engage in novel research and co-author peer-reviewed papers from this project. To meet the need to train more biologists and pest management officials in locust biology, particularly from underrepresented groups, this project will support a workshop at ASU.This grant was cofunded by the Integrative Ecological Physiology Program in the Division of Integrative Organismal Systems and The Population and Community Ecology Cluster in the Division of Environmental Biology.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

当环境迅速变化时，昆虫种群会适应环境、迁移到新环境，或者死亡。蝗虫是可以根据需要移动的蚱蜢，从躲避其他蝗虫的阶段过渡到一大群蝗虫一起从一个地区移动到另一个地区（迁徙）。由于蝗群会毁坏农作物，因此人们对蝗虫进行了大量研究，以了解如何控制其迁徙。当这些昆虫选择获取遥远的资源而不是其他生命需求（例如免疫功能和繁殖）时，它们能够迅速发生变化，发展出迁徙的能力。然而，尽管蝗虫可能对生态系统（包括农作物）和人类社区（农作物的破坏影响农民的生计）造成毁灭性影响，但人们对环境因素如何引发蝗虫的这种变化知之甚少。众所周知，在多种动物中，各种营养素的可用性会影响生长、繁殖和免疫学。虽然营养变化预计是一个关键因素，但之前没有研究评估营养变化如何影响昆虫的迁徙能力。该职业项目将结合本地和国际教育机会以及实验室和实地研究，以测试营养、人口密度和历史栖息地变异如何相互作用，从而影响蝗虫的迁徙、免疫功能和繁殖。研究结果将用于制定可持续管理和政策建议，并将提供给全球合作伙伴，以改善生计以及人类和环境健康。这个职业项目将回答有关决定是否发生迁徙的机制的基本问题：（1）与迁徙和不迁徙相关的生理权衡是什么，特别是在迁徙、抗击疾病和繁殖能力之间？ (2) 人口密度和营养质量（特别是饮食中的蛋白质：碳水化合物比例）如何影响这些权衡？ (3) 历史环境变化如何影响人口水平对迁移诱导刺激反应的变化？ （栖息地变化较大的种群是否更有可能迁徙？）回答这些问题将广泛增进我们对动物迁徙原因和方式的理解，如何预测迁徙对全球变化的反应，并为经济上最重要的害虫之一的生态生理学提供基本见解。 PI 的长期研究合作伙伴关系在亚利桑那州立大学建立了蝗虫群和饲养设施，再加上大学学员、农民和国际学者参与的教育计划，将实现前所未有的综合实验室和实地研究，将个体生物功能与大陆景观联系起来。此外，PI 和她的团队将开发一门研究密集型本科课程，学生将参与该项目的新颖研究并共同撰写同行评审的论文。为了满足培训更多蝗虫生物学生物学家和害虫管理官员的需要，特别是来自代表性不足的群体，该项目将支持在亚利桑那州立大学举办研讨会。这笔赠款由综合有机系统司的综合生态生理学计划和环境生物学司的人口和社区生态学集群共同资助。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用 基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。

项目成果

Nutrient supply and accessibility in plants: effect of protein and carbohydrates on Australian plague locust (Chortoicetes terminifera) preference and performance

植物中的养分供应和可及性：蛋白质和碳水化合物对澳大利亚鼠疫蝗（Chortoicetes terminifera）偏好和性能的影响

• DOI: 10.3389/finsc.2023.1110518
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Frontiers in Insect Science
• 作者: Brosemann, Jonah;Overson, Rick;Cease, Arianne J.;Millerwise, Sydney;Le Gall, Marion
• 通讯作者: Le Gall, Marion

High carbohydrate consumption increases lipid storage and promotes migratory flight in locusts

高碳水化合物消耗增加了脂质储存并促进了蝗虫的迁徙飞行

• DOI: 10.1242/jeb.245351
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Journal of Experimental Biology
• 影响因子: 2.8
• 作者: Talal, Stav;Parmar, Shivam;Osgood, Geoffrey M.;Harrison, Jon F.;Cease, Arianne J.
• 通讯作者: Cease, Arianne J.

What Have We Learned after Millennia of Locust Invasions?

千年蝗虫入侵后我们学到了什么？

• DOI: 10.3390/agronomy12020472
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Agronomy
• 作者: Lecoq, Michel;Cease, Arianne
• 通讯作者: Cease, Arianne