CAREER: An integrated research and education framework for healthy buildings: development and validation of a comprehensive indoor aerosol dynamic model

美国人一生中有很大一部分时间是在室内度过的，比如家里、办公室和学校。建筑物设计和运营的变化导致室内空间越来越气密，以提高能源效率。这些条件增加了人们接触产生潜在危险的空气纳米颗粒的材料和消费品的风险。鉴于纳米颗粒空气动力学的复杂性质，目前的运输模型不可能准确预测室内暴露于空气中的纳米颗粒。这个CAREER项目的目标是通过开发一个室内气溶胶动力学的基本机理模型来解决这个问题，该模型可以准确预测建筑物中纳米颗粒的动态行为。该模型的成功开发将有助于建筑设计师、工程师、业主和政策制定者了解不同室内环境中空气中纳米颗粒的排放和运输模式。这将有助于改善决策，以实现保护人类健康的健康和智能建筑。作为该项目的一部分，研究人员将参与联合国可持续建筑计划，为建筑环境专业的下一代全球领导者做好准备。这项工作的目标是为室内空气质量控制和健康建筑制定全球标准和指南，该项目的目标是为综合室内气溶胶动力学模型开发一个机制框架，以预测室内环境中空气中纳米颗粒的排放、分布和传输。实现这一目标的具体研究目标是：（1）建立一个基本的室内气溶胶动力学模型，该模型基于室内活动和加热、冷却、通风操作模式，描述详细的时间和尺寸分辨的源排放和损失机制;（2）验证模型，并使用一系列完整的测量结果评估不确定性-规模测试建筑，将检查由于传统和新兴排放源引起的瞬时颗粒尺寸分布;（3）将室内气溶胶动力学模型与计算流体力学（CFD）相结合模拟研究代表性室内空气流动和源排放情景下的空气中颗粒物和呼吸区浓度的空间分布。该项目将为室内气溶胶研究开辟一个新的方向，并在室内环境中的凝结，沉积和初级和次级成核方面创造新的知识。分析模型将在全尺寸测试建筑中进行测量验证，并首次与CFD模型集成，以纳入建筑环境条件。该模型与全尺寸建筑的实验验证将解决我们对室内纳米颗粒的物理，化学和传输特性的理解中的关键差距。研究的成功完成将允许评估人类在住宅，学校和职业环境等各种室内环境中的暴露。PI将参与联合国可持续建筑计划，为建筑环境专业的下一代全球领导者做准备。通过这一努力，PI将为室内空气质量控制和健康建筑制定全球标准和指南做出贡献。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Americans spend a large percentage of their lives indoors in homes, offices, and schools. Changes in the design and operations of buildings result in increasingly air-tight indoor spaces to improve energy efficiency. Such conditions increase the risk of people coming into contact with materials and consumer products that generate potentially hazardous airborne nanoparticles. It is not possible to accurately predict indoor exposure to airborne nanoparticles with the current state of transport models given the complex nature of nanoparticle aerodynamics. The goal of this CAREER project is to address this gap by developing a fundamental mechanistic model of indoor aerosol dynamics that accurately predicts the dynamic behavior of nanoparticles in buildings. Successful development of this model will help building designers, engineers, homeowners, and policy makers to understand emission and transport patterns of airborne nanoparticles in different indoor environments. This will allow improved decision-making for achieving healthy and smart buildings that protect human health. As part of this project, the investigator will participate in the United Nations Sustainable Buildings Program to prepare the next generation of global leaders in the built environment profession. The goal of this work will be to develop global standards and guidelines for indoor air quality control and healthy buildings.The goal of this project is to develop a mechanistic framework for a comprehensive indoor aerosol dynamic model to predict the emission, distribution, and transport of airborne nanoparticles in indoor environments. Specific research objectives to achieve this goal are to: (1) develop a fundamental indoor aerosol dynamic model that characterizes detailed time- and size-resolved source emission and loss mechanisms based on indoor activities and heating, cooling, ventilation operation modes; (2) validate the model and evaluate uncertainties using a series of measurements in a full-scale test building that will examine transient particle size distribution due to conventional and emerging emission sources; and (3) integrate the indoor aerosol dynamic model with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations to study the spatial distribution of airborne particles and breathing zone concentrations under representative indoor air flow and source emission scenarios. This project will open up a new direction for indoor aerosol research and create new knowledge in coagulation, deposition, and primary and secondary nucleation in indoor environments. The analytical model will be validated with measurements in a full-scale test building and integrated with a CFD model for the first time to enable inclusion of building environmental conditions. Experimental validation of the model with a full-scale building will address critical gaps in our understanding of the physical, chemical, and transport characteristics of indoor nanoparticles. Successful completion of the research will allow the assessment of human exposure in a wide range of indoor environments such as residences, schools, and occupational settings. The PI will participate in the United Nations Sustainable Buildings Program to prepare the next generation of global leaders in the built environment profession. Through this effort, the PI will contribute to setting global standards and guidelines for indoor air quality control and healthy buildings.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.