RUI: The long-term consequences of anthropogenic activity: a comparative analysis of human-mediated evolution and the origins of rural commensalism

RUI：人类活动的长期后果：人类介导的进化和农村共生主义起源的比较分析

• 批准号: 1947306
• 负责人: Elizabeth Scordato
• 金额: $ 68.48万
• 依托单位: Cal Poly Pomona Foundation, Inc.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-03-01 至 2025-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1947306&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; long; term; consequences; anthropogenic

This project uses Oceanic swallows, a group of birds native to southeast Asia and the Pacific, to determine how species inhabit and flourish in human environments over long periods of time. As humans reshape the global environment, a critical component of effective conservation strategies is understanding and predicting how plants and animals will respond to human landscape alterations. Plants and animals in urban environments can evolve rapidly, indicating that some species may be able to thrive in close proximity to humans. Small agricultural villages have persisted for over 12,000 years; species that successfully inhabit these environments offer a unique window into the long-term effects of human activity on evolutionary processes. Oceanic swallows build their nests on human structures and forage over agricultural fields. The spread of rural environments has thus created extensive new habitat for these species. This project will rigorously test hypotheses about the role of human landscape modification in shaping the evolutionary history of Oceanic swallows over the last 10,000 years. This novel approach is broadly applicable to other species and will shed new light on how species respond and adapt to human environments. The project is based at a Hispanic-Serving Institution, and will involve extensive research experiences for undergraduate students. It also includes the development of a hands-on, high school- level teaching module on urban evolution.This project will leverage extensive new geographic sampling, museum specimens, large geospatial datasets, and cutting-edge genomic approaches to examine how swallows have adapted to living in close proximity to humans (human commensalism). As different Oceanic swallow lineages have been commensal for different lengths of time, it is possible to examine the origins and spread of commensalism across multiple temporal scales and within a comparative framework comprised of two commensal and two non-commensal lineages. One lineage of each type has had an extended association with humans, and the others have had more recent association. This project will 1) use species distribution modeling to assess the relative roles of climate variation and post-Neolithic human landscape modification in shaping demographic history, particularly range expansions and population divergence; 2) use high-resolution whole-genome sequence data to determine whether commensal behavior arose via phenotypic plasticity, evolved independently among lineages, or spread via introgression from a single origin; and 3) evaluate evidence for contemporary human-mediated hybridization and erosion of reproductive barriers between previously allopatric groups.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目利用海洋燕子（一种原产于东南亚和太平洋的鸟类）来确定物种如何在人类环境中长期栖息和繁衍。随着人类重塑全球环境，有效保护策略的一个关键组成部分是了解和预测植物和动物将如何应对人类景观的改变。城市环境中的植物和动物可以迅速进化，这表明某些物种可能能够在靠近人类的地方繁衍生息。小农村已经存在了12000多年；成功栖息在这些环境中的物种为了解人类活动对进化过程的长期影响提供了独特的窗口。远洋燕子在人类建筑物上筑巢，并在农田上觅食。因此，农村环境的蔓延为这些物种创造了广阔的新栖息地。该项目将严格检验有关人类景观改造在塑造过去一万年远洋燕子进化史中所起作用的假设。这种新颖的方法广泛适用于其他物种，并将为物种如何响应和适应人类环境提供新的线索。该项目以西班牙裔服务机构为基础，将为本科生提供广泛的研究经验。它还包括开发一个关于城市演化的高中水平实践教学模块。该项目将利用广泛的新地理采样、博物馆标本、大型地理空间数据集和尖端基因组方法来研究燕子如何适应与人类近距离生活（人类共生）。由于不同的大洋燕子谱系共生的时间长度不同，因此可以在多个时间尺度上以及在由两个共生谱系和两个非共栖谱系组成的比较框架内检查共生主义的起源和传播。每种类型中的一个谱系与人类有着长期的联系，而其他谱系则与人类有更近的联系。该项目将 1) 使用物种分布模型来评估气候变化和新石器时代后人类景观改变在塑造人口历史方面的相对作用，特别是范围扩张和人口分化； 2）使用高分辨率全基因组序列数据来确定共生行为是否通过表型可塑性产生，在谱系之间​​独立进化，还是通过单一起源的基因渗入传播； 3) 评估当代人类介导的杂交和对先前异域群体之间生殖障碍的侵蚀的证据。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Evolutionarily labile dispersal behavior and discontinuous habitats enhance population differentiation in island versus continentally distributed swallows

进化不稳定的扩散行为和不连续的栖息地增强了岛屿燕子与大陆燕子的种群分化

• DOI: 10.1093/evolut/qpad179
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Evolution
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Broyles, Grant G;Myers, Brian M;Friedman, Nicholas R;Gawin, Dency F;Mohd-Taib, Farah S;Sahlan, Penigran G;Seneviratne, Sampath S;de Silva, N Chamalka;Lekamlage, Thilini T;Hund, Amanda K
• 通讯作者: Hund, Amanda K