Doctoral Dissertation Research: The impacts of public policy on rural social organization

博士论文研究：公共政策对农村社会组织的影响

• 批准号: 1949012
• 负责人: Glenn Stone
• 金额: $ 0.56万
• 依托单位: Washington University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-05-15 至 2022-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1949012&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; impacts; public

Rural development and agricultural extension form crucial components of government programming in countries with large agricultural economies. Efforts to harmonize national growth strategies with the interests of small-scale family farmers have led to rapid changes in the quantity and quality of policies available to rural populations. These include public infrastructure projects, subsidized credit programs, land reform efforts, and payments for ecosystem services. While the successes and failures of individual initiatives are well-known to planners and development practitioners, the ability of farming communities to adapt their economic, productive, and organizational strategies to the changing priorities of state development policy is less well understood. Does increasing access to public subsidies and extension services encourage farmers to decrease or increase investments in production? Does it allow farmers to increase investments in household and community infrastructure? And what are the social impacts of repeated government interventions over time? Do communities collaborate to exchange information and build organizations surrounding the administration of public policies? Or do rapid changes in government development policy generate conflicts as local leaders monopolize knowledge of and control over key public resources? In addition to supporting the training of a graduate student in anthropology in the methods of empirical, scientific data collection and analysis, findings from this research will provide insights into the way changing state policy impacts community organization over time and will therefore have significant implications for planners and practitioners working in both domestic and international development.This research will be conducted in farming communities in an estuary region where contending pressures from conservationists, landowners, and other stakeholders have created a complex policy landscape that has undergone rapid changes over the past three decades. This will provide an apt setting to study community-level responses to changing government development interventions. Moreover, the investigator's prior experience in the region will furnish crucial local support. The investigator will focus on the estuary's traditional riverine communities. These communities have historically drawn on extended family networks to mobilize relatives to pursue small-scale farming and agroforestry activities along floodplains but have recently become to targets of several overlapping government policies. Research will involve the collection of interviews with state development agencies, histories of local associations formed by farmers, and census data from four rural villages. Using this data, the investigator will explore whether wealth inequalities, secondary occupational status, affiliation with religious organizations, or access to extended family networks are more important factors in farmers' ability to gain access to public development funding and successfully navigate changing government policies.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在农业经济大国，农村发展和农业推广是政府方案拟订的关键组成部分。由于努力使国家增长战略与小规模家庭农民的利益相协调，农村人口可利用的政策在数量和质量上都发生了迅速变化。这些措施包括公共基础设施项目、补贴信贷计划、土地改革努力和生态系统服务付费。虽然规划者和发展实践者都知道个别倡议的成功和失败，但农业社区调整其经济、生产和组织战略以适应国家发展政策不断变化的优先事项的能力却不太清楚。增加获得公共补贴和推广服务的机会是否会鼓励农民减少或增加生产投资？它是否允许农民增加对家庭和社区基础设施的投资？随着时间的推移，政府反复干预的社会影响是什么？社区是否围绕公共政策的管理进行协作，交流信息并建立组织？或者，政府发展政策的迅速变化是否由于地方领导人垄断了对关键公共资源的知识和控制而产生冲突？除了支持培训一名人类学研究生掌握经验性科学数据收集和分析方法外，这项研究的结果将为了解国家政策变化对社区组织的长期影响提供见解，因此将对国内和国际发展的规划者和实践者产生重大影响。这项研究将在农业社区进行，在这片河口地区，来自自然资源保护者、土地所有者和其他利益相关者的竞争压力创造了一个复杂的政策环境，在过去三十年里经历了迅速的变化。这将为研究社区一级对不断变化的政府发展干预措施的反应提供一个适当的环境。此外，调查员以前在该地区的经验将提供关键的当地支持。调查人员将重点关注河口的传统河边社区。这些社区历来利用大家庭网络动员亲属在沿着洪泛区从事小规模耕作和农林活动，但最近成为政府几项重叠政策的目标。研究将涉及对国家发展机构的采访，农民组成的地方协会的历史，以及四个农村村庄的人口普查数据的收集。利用这些数据，研究人员将探讨财富不平等、次要职业地位、与宗教组织的联系，在农民获得公共发展资金和成功地驾驭不断变化的政府政策方面，更重要的因素是获得或进入大家庭网络。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识产权进行评估，被认为值得支持。优点和更广泛的影响审查标准。

项目成果

The Struggle For Health: Medical Brokerage and the Power of Care in Brazil’s Amazon Estuary

健康斗争：巴西亚马逊河口的医疗经纪和护理力量

• DOI: 10.14506/ca37.3.06
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Cultural anthropology
• 影响因子: 1.9
• 作者: Abel, Matthew

Merchants of the north: Infrastructure and indebtedness along Brazil's Amazon estuary

• DOI: 10.1002/sea2.12245
• 发表时间: 2022-02
• 期刊: Economic Anthropology
• 影响因子: 0.9
• 作者: Matthew Abel