WoU-MMA: Collaborative Research: Gravitational wave cosmology with tidal Love numbers

WoU-MMA：合作研究：引力波宇宙学与潮汐洛夫数

• 批准号: 2009268
• 负责人: Nicolas Yunes
• 金额: $ 35万
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-08-01 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2009268&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: WoU; MMA; Collaborative; Research; Gravitational

The recent detection of gravitational waves (GWs) with the LIGO detector has heralded a new era of GW astrophysics. A research collaboration between the University of Illinois and the University of Chicago will investigate whether careful measurement of the properties of GW events, when combined with traditional astronomical observations can help astronomers to better determine the Hubble constant, H0, which is related to the age and expansion rate of the universe. This research will be integrated with activities aimed at changing the attitudes of middle-school students and the general public toward physics and science, through a newly-developed planetarium show and accompanying standards-aligned lesson plans for middle school teachers, along with public talks by the lead scientists. The research is aimed at studying whether the use of more sophisticated models for the GWs emitted in the coalescence of neutron stars can be used to better measure the Hubble constant. The GW waveform models used today depend on the tidal Love numbers of each star in the binary, dimensionless parameters that measure the rigidity of a body in response to tides. It is known that these constants are related to each other and to the mass ratio of the binary through certain equation-of-state insensitive relations. The use of the latter allows for the extraction of the individual tidal parameters, which can then be used to extract the source masses of the binary components. The waveform, on the other hand, also depends on the redshifted chirp mass of the binary, which can be extracted as an independent parameter. Therefore, the combination of the measurement of the individual source masses through the tidal parameters and the measurement of the redshifted chirp mass should yield a measurement of the redshift, independently from any electromagnetic counterpart. The research will study how well the redshift can be measured through this technique, and whether the accuracy to which H0 can be estimated may be improved by combining this redshift measurement with information from an electromagnetic counterpart or through the stacking of information from multiple GW events. The principal investigator of the project has developed a planetarium show called Einstein’s Gravity Playlist, which is designed to explain general relativity, black holes, and gravitational waves to young audiences. This show will be deployed in the Midwest, starting at the Staerkel Planetarium in Champaign, Illinois, and later at the Adler Planetarium in Chicago. The show will be paired with "eXtreme Gravity for Middle School," a set of fully formed, standards-aligned lesson plans for middle school teachers aimed at supporting them in learning how to deliver content on topics including gravitational lensing, neutron stars, black holes and gravitational waves to middle school students. This project advances the goals of the NSF Windows on the Universe Big Idea.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

最近用LIGO探测器对重力波（GWS）的检测预示了GW天体物理学的新时代。伊利诺伊大学和芝加哥大学之间的研究合作将调查仔细测量GW事件的特性，与传统的天文观察结合使用时，是否可以帮助天文学家更好地确定与宇宙的年龄和扩张率有关的哈勃常数H0。这项研究将与旨在通过新成长的天文馆表演和参与标准的中学教师的参与标准的课程计划以及首席科学家的公众谈话以及参与标准的课程计划，旨在通过改变中学学生和公众对物理和科学的出勤活动进行整合。这项研究旨在研究中子星聚合中发出的更复杂的模型是否可以用于更好地测量哈勃常数。当今使用的GW波形模型取决于二元无量纲参数中每个恒星的潮汐爱数字，这些参数测量了身体对潮汐的刚性。众所周知，这些常数彼此相关，并且通过某些等价状态的不敏感关系与二进制的质量比率相关。后者的使用允许提取单个潮汐参数，然后可以用来提取二进制组件的源质量。另一方面，波形也取决于二进制的红移chirp质量，可以将其提取为独立参数。因此，通过潮汐参数和红移chirp质量的测量的单个源质量的测量组合应与任何电磁对应物无关。该研究将研究通过该技术测量红移的能力，以及通过将这种红移测量与电子对应物中的信息相结合，还是通过多个GW事件的信息堆叠来估计H0的准确性。该项目的主要研究人员开发了一个名为“爱因斯坦重力播放列表”的天文馆节目，该节目旨在向年轻观众解释一般相对论，黑洞和引力波。该节目将在中西部部署，从伊利诺伊州香槟的Staerkel天文馆开始，然后在芝加哥的阿德勒天文馆。该节目将与“中学的极端重力”配对，这是一套完全成立的，由标准一致的中学教师一致的课程计划，旨在支持他们学习如何在包括引力镜头，中子星，黑洞，黑洞和重力波的主题上传递内容。该项目促进了NSF Windows在宇宙大概念上的目标。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的审查标准来诚实地通过评估来诚实地支持。

项目成果

Breaking bad degeneracies with Love relations: Improving gravitational-wave measurements through universal relations

用爱情关系打破不良简并：通过普遍关系改进引力波测量

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.107.043010
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Xie, Yiqi;Chatterjee, Deep;Holder, Gilbert;Holz, Daniel E.;Perkins, Scott;Yagi, Kent;Yunes, Nicolás
• 通讯作者: Yunes, Nicolás

Cosmology with Love: Measuring the Hubble constant using neutron star universal relations

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.104.083528
• 发表时间: 2021-06
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: D. Chatterjee;Abhishek Hegade K. R.-Abhishek-Hegade-K. R.-2133943042;G. Holder;D. Holz;S. Perkins;Kent Yagi;N. Yunes