Black Youth Understanding of Racial Inequality: Scale Development and Validation

黑人青年对种族不平等的理解：量表开发和验证

• 批准号: 2005140
• 负责人: Natasha Johnson
• 金额: $ 13.8万
• 依托单位: Johnson, Natasha Cierra
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-15 至 2022-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2005140&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Black; Youth; Understanding; Racial; Inequality

This award was provided as part of NSF's Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences (SBE) Postdoctoral Research Fellowships (SPRF) program and the Social Psychology program. The goal of the SPRF program is to prepare promising, early career doctoral-level scientists for scientific careers in academia, industry or private sector, and government. SPRF awards involve two years of training under the sponsorship of established scientists and encourage Postdoctoral Fellows to perform independent research. NSF seeks to promote the participation of scientists from all segments of the scientific community, including those from underrepresented groups, in its research programs and activities; the postdoctoral period is considered to be an important level of professional development in attaining this goal. Each Postdoctoral Fellow must address important scientific questions that advance their respective disciplinary fields. Under the sponsorship of Drs. Riana Anderson and Enrique Neblett at the University of Michigan, this postdoctoral fellowship award supports an early career scientist examining the cognitive process through which Black youth know about, make meaning of, and understand racism, that is, their awareness of racism. Recent work has found that during early adolescence, Black youth can identify and articulate connections between systemic issues and inequities in their schooling experiences. Critical Consciousness theory suggests that without an awareness of oppression, marginalized groups cannot work to disrupt oppressive norms and societal inequities. To date, there has not been a psychometric tool that captures Black youth's cognitive understanding of racism, a specific form of oppression. An understanding of Black youth's cognitions around racism has the potential to provide empirical support for untested theoretical assumptions, enhance clinical approaches to addressing racial stress and trauma, and strengthen research approaches to examining the influence of racism in the lives of Black youth and their families. Finally, understanding how awareness of racism develops may serve as a catalyst to identify points of intervention that may draw on internal and external strengths to combat the negative consequences of racism. The goal of this research project is to contribute to theory and research seeking to understand the influence of racism on the lives of Black youth. The proposed study aims to address these current gaps by: (1) deconstructing the extent to which Black youth understand and can articulate their understanding of racism, and (2) developing a psychometric tool that can streamline and strengthen the connection between studies by using similar measurements and definitions to assess racism awareness. By understanding the extent to which Black youth are aware of the distinct forms of racism, within and across systems, this work can provide empirical support for intervention programs aimed at combating racism. The development of the forthcoming Racism Awareness Scale will be achieved using a three-phase model—item development, scale development, and scale evaluation—of scale development. The first two phases of the scale development consist of designing and testing the dimensionality of the Racism Awareness Scale. The final phase will consist of data collection and analyses for scale evaluation. During this phase of data collection, a survey will be developed that includes other related scales and tests the predictive, convergent, and discriminant validity of the scale. This evaluation will also spark new questions related to the associations between and divergences from experiencing racism and understanding racism.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项是作为NSF的社会，行为和经济科学（SBE）博士后研究奖学金（SPRF）计划和社会心理学计划的一部分提供的。SPRF计划的目标是为学术界，工业或私营部门和政府的科学事业准备有前途的早期职业博士级科学家。SPRF的奖励包括在知名科学家的赞助下进行两年的培训，并鼓励博士后研究员进行独立研究。NSF致力于促进来自科学界各部门的科学家，包括来自代表性不足的群体的科学家参与其研究计划和活动;博士后期间被认为是实现这一目标的专业发展的重要水平。每个博士后研究员必须解决推进各自学科领域的重要科学问题。在密歇根大学的Riana安德森和Enrique Neblett博士的赞助下，这个博士后奖学金支持一个早期的职业科学家研究黑人青年了解，理解和理解种族主义的认知过程，即他们对种族主义的认识。最近的工作发现，在青春期早期，黑人青年可以识别和阐明系统性问题和不平等之间的联系，在他们的学校教育经验。批判意识理论认为，如果没有压迫意识，边缘化群体就无法打破压迫性规范和社会不平等。迄今为止，还没有一种心理测量工具可以捕捉黑人青年对种族主义的认知理解，这是一种特殊形式的压迫。了解黑人青年对种族主义的认知有可能为未经检验的理论假设提供实证支持，加强临床方法来解决种族压力和创伤，并加强研究方法来研究种族主义对黑人青年及其家庭生活的影响。最后，了解对种族主义的认识是如何形成的，可以作为一种催化剂，确定可以利用内部和外部力量打击种族主义消极后果的干预点。这个研究项目的目标是促进理论和研究，寻求了解种族主义对黑人青年生活的影响。拟议的研究旨在解决这些目前的差距：（1）解构黑人青年理解和表达他们对种族主义的理解的程度，以及（2）开发一种心理测量工具，通过使用类似的测量和定义来评估种族主义意识，可以简化和加强研究之间的联系。通过了解黑人青年在多大程度上意识到不同形式的种族主义，在系统内和跨系统，这项工作可以提供经验支持干预方案，旨在打击种族主义。即将推出的种族主义意识量表的编制工作将采用三个阶段的模式-项目编制、量表编制和量表评价-来完成。量表编制的前两个阶段包括设计和测试种族主义意识量表的维度。最后阶段将包括数据收集和分析，用于规模评估。在数据收集的这一阶段，将制定一项调查，其中包括其他相关量表，并测试该量表的预测、收敛和判别效度。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。