Critical commentary on the books of Ezra/Nehemia for the commentary series "Herders theologischer Kommentar zum Alten Testament"Antrag auf Gewährung einer Sachbeihilfe (Modul Vertretung)

《赫尔德对旧约的神学评论》评论系列对以斯拉/尼希米书的评论 申请给予物质援助（代表模块）

• 批准号: 241610899
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Maria Häusl
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Katholische Theologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2012-12-31 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/241610899?language=en
• 关键词: Critical; commentary; books; Ezra; Nehemia

Critical commentaries on biblical books are a very important genre of exegetical publication. Far beyond the borders of the exegetical scientific community, they are also acknowledged in neighboring disciplines. Commentaries reveal the interpretation of a biblical book as well as the current state of research with regards to this biblical book from a literary, historical and religio-historical perspective. They therefore have a very broad scholarly impact. I am going to use the planned research time to write a distinctive commentary on the books of Ezra and Nehemiah. It will be published in the commentary series Herders theologischer Kommentar zum Alten Testament. There is a lack of current critical commentaries on Ezra/Nehemiah in the German speaking context. The new methodological, historical and thematic results of the recent research have to be considered and the theology of these books redefined.The older German commentaries considered Ezra/Nehemiah as a part of one historical work consisting of Chronicles and Ezra/Nehemiah written by the Chronicler. The older research also regarded Ezra/Nehemiah as a primary source for reconstructing the post-exilic period. The commentaries therefore were especially interested in a historical interpretation of the books and in their literary sources.The intended commentary is going to focus on the theology of the books. The one-sided focus on historical issues must be overcome. In accordance to the synchronical approach, that is diachronically reflected, different theological issues should not only be explained by different chronological origins and different redactional layers but instead as constituents of a theology that possibly includes tenses. Thus, the interpretation will be guided by the structure of the books.Ezra/Nehemiah present themselves as historiography and describe formative aspects and dimensions of Israel´s identity in the post-exilic period. To Construct the self-conception can be regarded as the core of the books. For this purpose, the necessary basic hermeneutical reflections will be made in the commentary. This means that there is a need for a description of the relevant criteria for belonging to the community, for inclusion and exclusion, and the internal shape and structure of the community. The above-mentioned commentary series includes knowledge from the Jewish-Christian dialogue: It recognizes and reflects that the Old Testament has been continued as Scripture of Israel as well as part of the Christian Bible. Until now, this is an exceptional perspective in the study of the Old Testament. As a consequence, the commentary has to deal with the anti-Jewish interpretations of Ezra/Nehemiah in the Christian context: Negative assessment of the theology as legalistic form of religion; stigmatization of the post-exilic group as a purely religious, theocratic founded community and/or as a particularistic-sectarian, national-religious movement.

对圣经书籍的批评性评论是一种非常重要的训诂出版物。远远超出了解经科学界的边界，他们也承认在邻近的学科。注释揭示了圣经书籍的解释，以及从文学，历史和宗教历史的角度对这本圣经书籍的研究现状。因此，它们具有非常广泛的学术影响。我打算利用计划中的研究时间，对以斯拉记和尼希米记写一篇与众不同的评论。它将发表在评论系列牧民theologischer Kommentar zum阿尔滕遗嘱。在德语语境中，目前缺乏对以斯拉/尼希米的批评性评论。新的方法论，历史和主题的结果，最近的研究必须考虑和这些书籍的神学重新定义。旧的德国评论认为以斯拉/尼希米记作为一个历史工作的一部分，包括历代志和以斯拉/尼希米记写的编年史。较早的研究也将以斯拉/尼希米记视为重建后流亡时期的主要资料来源。因此，这些注释对这些书的历史解释和它们的文学来源特别感兴趣。预定的注释将集中在这些书的神学上。必须克服对历史问题的片面关注。根据历时反映的共时方法，不同的神学问题不应仅仅用不同的时间起源和不同的记录层来解释，而是作为可能包括时态的神学的组成部分。因此，解释将受到书籍结构的指导。以斯拉/尼希米以史学的身份出现，并描述了以色列在流放后时期身份的形成方面和维度。自我概念的建构可以说是这本书的核心。为此目的，将在评注中进行必要的基本解释学思考。这意味着需要说明属于社区、包容和排斥的相关标准，以及社区的内部形态和结构。上述评论系列包括来自犹太教-基督教对话的知识：它承认并反映了旧约一直作为以色列圣经和基督教圣经的一部分而继续存在。到目前为止，这是研究旧约的一个特殊视角。因此，评注必须处理在基督教背景下对以斯拉/尼希米的反犹太解释：对神学的负面评价是宗教的律法主义形式;对流放后群体的污名化是一个纯粹的宗教，神权建立的社区和/或作为一个特殊教派，民族宗教运动。