RAPID: Simultaneous Remote Measurement of Skin and Sub-skin Temperature for Ships, USVs, & Buoys

这个快速项目旨在开发IRIS(红外原位皮肤和皮下皮肤)，这是一种创新的基于红外的传感器系统，可以测量来自船舶、无人水面飞行器(USV)和浮标的皮肤和皮下海面温度。机会号的两次巡航将被用来对照其他海-气相互作用测量来验证该方法，以验证概念。这一独特的系统可能具有变革性，因为它有可能极大地增加皮肤和皮下温度测量的数量和覆盖范围，这将加强卫星验证，因为这些量分别对应于海洋表面温度的红外和微波反演。IRIS还将提供SST亚皮肤的第一次常规测量。由此产生的对凉爽表层和近地表温度层结模型的改进将加强局部海洋学研究，解决当前的业务优先事项，并改善卫星SST。这种方法的一个显著优点是，将使用相同的传感器同时测量SST和SST亚表层。此外，该系统将提供SST皮下的第一次辐射测量，这应该是比通过接触测量获得的更准确的表示。从USV和浮标获得准确的皮肤和皮下温度将为改进近地表层结模型提供新的数据。该团队将参与两次机会巡航，以验证该方法，并证明这种新的测量技术可以显著改进凉爽皮肤和暖层效应的模型。这些邮轮是2019年12月由NSF资助的Sikuliaq R/V上的破泡(BB)和2020年1月由NOAA资助的R/V Brown上的原子邮轮。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This RAPID project is to develop IRISS (InfraRed In situ Skin and Subskin), an innovative infrared-based sensor system to measure skin and sub-skin sea surface temperatures from ships, Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USV), and buoys. Two cruises of opportunity will be used to validate this approach against other air-sea interaction measurements for a proof of concept. This unique system could be transformative because it has the potential to greatly increase the number and coverage of skin and subskin temperature measurements, which will enhance satellite validation, since these quantities correspond to the IR and microwave retrievals of sea surface temperatures, respectively. IRISS will also provide the first routine measurements of SSTsubskin. The resulting improvements to models for the cool skin and near surface temperature stratification will enhance topical oceanographic research, address current operational priorities, and improve satellite SST.A significant strength of this approach is that SSTskin and SSTsubskin will be measured simultaneously with the same sensor. Furthermore, the system will provide the first radiometric measurement of SSTsubskin, which should be a more accurate representation than can be obtained by contact measurements. The availability of accurate skin and subskin temperature from USVs and buoy will provide new data with which to improve models for near-surface stratification. The team will participate in in two cruises of opportunity to validate the method and demonstrate that this new measurement technique can significantly improve models for the cool skin and warm layer effect. The cruises are the NSF-funded Breaking Bubbles (BB) on the R/V Sikuliaq in Dec 2019 and the NOAA-funded Atomic on the R/V Brown in Jan 2020.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.