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Adaptation of control processes in code-switching

语码转换中控制过程的适应

基本信息

批准号：
2017251
负责人：
Edith Kaan
金额：
$ 38.65万
依托单位：
University of Florida
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-09-01 至 2025-02-28
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2017251&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Adaptation control processes code switching

项目摘要

Bilingual individuals, broadly defined as anyone who can communicate in more than one language, encounter a myriad of linguistic choices, often guided by the linguistic needs of their conversation partners and the environmental setting such as being in a commercial setting, school, or work. They confront even more complex choices when conversing with other bilinguals. While bilinguals may choose to stay in one language, they may also code-switch between languages within a conversation. This immense variability in bilingual language use potentially relies upon general cognitive control mechanisms which over time may result in more efficient processing, a hypothesis known as the bilingual advantage. Prior research has had mixed results in confirming or disconfirming this hypothesis, in part due to reliance upon between-groups experimental designs and correlational analyses. This project builds on prior work by examining what aspects of bilingual language use may engage cognitive control within the same bilingual individuals and across the comprehension and production modalities.This project utilizes an experimental paradigm known as conflict adaptation across four experiments. The experiments intersperse two different tasks, one linguistic and the other not, under the assumption that engaging with cognitive control to resolve conflict on one task will lead to more efficient use of cognitive control on a subsequent task (the conflict adaptation effect). The four experiments test whether different forms of code-switching that vary in their degree of complexity will lead to differences in behavioral (Experiments 1, 2, 4) and neural (Experiment 3) performance on a subsequent non-linguistic task. Experiment 4 further tests the relationship between production and comprehension. Results from this project will help refine recent models of language control and lead to a better understanding of the link between bilingualism and cognitive control, underscoring the dynamic and adaptive nature of human sentence processing.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

双语者，广义上定义为任何人谁可以用一种以上的语言进行交流，遇到无数的语言选择，往往是由他们的谈话伙伴的语言需求和环境设置，如在商业环境，学校或工作。当他们与其他双语者交谈时，他们面临着更复杂的选择。虽然双语者可能会选择留在一种语言中，但他们也可能在对话中在语言之间进行代码转换。双语语言使用的这种巨大差异可能依赖于一般的认知控制机制，随着时间的推移，这种机制可能会导致更有效的处理，这一假设被称为双语优势。先前的研究在证实或否定这一假设方面的结果喜忧参半，部分原因是依赖于组间实验设计和相关性分析。本项目建立在以前的工作，通过检查双语语言使用的哪些方面可能会涉及同一双语个体的认知控制，并跨越理解和生产modems.This项目利用一个实验范式称为冲突适应四个实验。实验中穿插了两个不同的任务，一个是语言，另一个不是，假设参与认知控制，以解决冲突的一个任务将导致更有效地使用认知控制在随后的任务（冲突适应效应）。四个实验测试是否不同形式的代码转换，其复杂程度不同，将导致行为（实验1，2，4）和神经（实验3）的表现在随后的非语言任务的差异。实验4进一步检验了产出与理解之间的关系。该项目的成果将有助于完善语言控制的最新模型，并更好地理解双语和认知控制之间的联系，强调人类句子处理的动态和适应性。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。