Collaborative Research: Cognitive, social, and institutional dynamics of decision-making in complex hazard-prone environments

合作研究：复杂的危险环境中决策的认知、社会和制度动态

• 批准号: 2018014
• 负责人: Jonathan Salerno
• 金额: $ 35.6万
• 依托单位: Colorado State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2018014&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Cognitive; social; institutional

Recent years have demonstrated the substantial threat that wildfires pose to communities across the U.S. This project evaluates how local-level wildfire protection planning processes shape social interaction and consequently the implementation of risk mitigation measures at both local and regional scales. These local planning processes confront a range of challenges that relate to the need to coordinate risk mitigation efforts at multiple spatial and administrative scales (e.g., spanning public and private lands) and to promote cooperation among diverse stakeholder groups with distinct goals for managing wildfire-prone landscapes (e.g., fire suppression, timber production, protection for threatened species). This project improves understanding of how risk governance networks affect policy learning in collaborative planning processes and the scope of decisions they produce, how social processes (such as learning, cooperation, and competition) affect the implementation of those decisions, and how interdependent decision-making processes affect the efficiency of risk mitigation at regional scales. Understanding the interplay among cognitive, social, and policy processes is critical for reducing the vulnerability of communities to wildfire. Through partnerships with the Colorado Forest Restoration Institute and other key groups, the project engages policy makers, outreach professionals, and other stakeholders in initiatives that contribute to the design of communication strategies and capacity building programs to reduce wildfire risk.This project addresses theoretical and empirical gaps in scientific understanding of how the structure of decentralized risk governance networks affects policy learning and decision making, as well as the capacity of collaborative groups to implement decisions. Key research questions include: How do risk governance networks affect policy learning in collaborative planning processes? How do risk governance networks affect the scale and boundary-spanning potential of risk mitigation plans? How do social processes affect implementation conformance, and particularly the implementation status of large scale and boundary-spanning risk mitigation plans? How do risk governance networks affect the efficiency of risk mitigation at regional scales? In a departure from the abstract and generalized measures of policy learning used in much research on policy learning, the proposed research breaks new ground by evaluating learning through quantitative indicators of systems thinking in cognitive maps of collaborative decision-making processes. In so doing, the research makes significant methodological contributions through application of the tools and perspectives of network science to evaluate cognitive maps. Likewise, rigorous assessment of implementation enables evaluation of how the performance of decentralized governance systems varies according to patterns of interdependence among decision-making processes. This research is critical for developing a more complete model of how cognitive, social, and institutional dynamics shape risk governance systems, and ultimately the resilience of communities and regions.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

近年来已经证明了野火对美国各地社区构成的重大威胁。该项目评估了地方一级野火保护规划过程如何塑造社会互动，从而在地方和区域范围内实施风险缓解措施。这些地方规划进程面临着一系列挑战，这些挑战涉及到需要在多个空间和行政尺度上协调减轻风险的努力（例如，跨越公共和私人土地），并促进具有管理野火易发景观的不同目标的不同利益攸关方群体之间的合作（例如，灭火、木材生产、保护濒危物种）。该项目提高了对风险治理网络如何影响协作规划过程中的政策学习及其产生的决策范围的理解，社会过程（如学习，合作和竞争）如何影响这些决策的实施，以及相互依赖的决策过程如何影响区域范围内风险缓解的效率。了解认知，社会和政策过程之间的相互作用对于减少社区对野火的脆弱性至关重要。通过与科罗拉多森林恢复研究所和其他关键团体的合作，该项目吸引了政策制定者、外展专业人员、该项目旨在解决分散式风险治理网络结构如何影响政策学习和决策的科学理解方面的理论和经验差距决策，以及协作团体执行决策的能力。关键的研究问题包括：如何风险治理网络影响政策学习的协作规划过程？风险治理网络如何影响风险缓解计划的规模和跨越边界的潜力？社会过程如何影响实施一致性，特别是大规模和跨越边界的风险缓解计划的实施状态？风险治理网络如何影响区域范围内风险缓解的效率？在离开政策学习的研究中使用的政策学习的抽象和概括的措施，拟议的研究突破了新的领域，通过评估学习的定量指标系统思维的认知地图的协作决策过程。在这样做的过程中，研究通过应用网络科学的工具和观点来评估认知地图，做出了重大的方法论贡献。同样，对执行情况的严格评估有助于评价分权治理系统的业绩如何根据决策进程之间的相互依存模式而变化。这项研究对于开发认知、社会和制度动态如何塑造风险治理系统以及最终塑造社区和地区的复原力的更完整模型至关重要。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。