Indigenous Calendar Knowledge, Research Protocols, and Visualization Technologies

原住民日历知识、研究方案和可视化技术

• 批准号: 2020707
• 负责人: Mark Palmer
• 金额: $ 31.51万
• 依托单位: University of Missouri-Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-08-01 至 2023-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2020707&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Indigenous; Calendar; Knowledge; Research; Protocols

This research examines the social, technical, and cultural processes of integrating Indigenous scientific knowledge with digital media platforms. The Otomi people of the central Mexican plateau have developed extensive astronomical knowledge systems for calendrical timekeeping over thousands of years based on observations of lunar, solar, and Venusian cycles. Efforts are underway to collaborate with the Otomi people to digitize and preserve their indigenous astronomical knowledge. This will enable Otomi knowledge-holders to share their cosmological knowledge locally, regionally, and globally. However, digital technologies like virtual reality environments and three-dimensional imaging can also warp conceptions of space and time, creating distortions much like a two-dimensional map distorts landmasses, challenging translational processes. This project documents the intersection of knowledge systems as community knowledge held through narratives, images, and intergenerational exchange is translated into digital systems marked by computational standardization and 3-d cameras. Researchers will analyze participatory design processes as Indigenous ethno-scientists, digital media-makers, and traditional knowledge-holders collaborate to create a prototype virtual reality representation. The project will encourage Hispanic and Native American students’ interest in STEM careers and STS research, which is vital to the American workforce, while also assessing the ways that virtual reality technologies may contribute to Indigenous knowledge reclamations and cultural sustainability. Drawing upon data collected through round table discussions and participatory design sessions, and informed by Actor-Network Theory, this research addresses four main questions: (1) Who are the primary collaborators involved in translating Indigenous astronomical knowledge and what materials will they use to create a novel form of Indigenous technoscience? (2) Can immersive 3-D audio-visual technology accurately convey the complex tenets of Indigenous epistemology? (3) What kinds of knowledge, interface design, or data standardization will be needed to effectively accomplish a best-case model for other Indigenous communities around the world? (4) What kind of protocols and methodologies can enable a best-case practice for ensuring that Indigenous communities and their knowledge are respected and not exploited? Overall, this research investigates the processes needed to standardize Indigenous calendar visualizations for public and community presentation, with the guidance of Indigenous knowledge keepers and according to the protocols of participating with Indigenous communities.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这项研究考察了将本土科学知识与数字媒体平台相结合的社会、技术和文化过程。居住在墨西哥中部高原的奥托米人基于对月球、太阳和金星周期的观察，发展了广泛的天文知识系统，用于数千年来的日历计时。目前正在努力与Otomi人合作，将他们的本土天文知识数字化并加以保存。这将使Otomi知识持有者能够在当地、地区和全球范围内分享他们的宇宙学知识。然而，虚拟现实环境和三维成像等数字技术也会扭曲空间和时间的概念，造成扭曲，就像二维地图扭曲陆地一样，挑战翻译过程。这个项目记录了知识系统的交集，因为通过叙事、图像和代际交流持有的社区知识被转换成以计算标准化和3-d相机为标志的数字系统。研究人员将分析参与式设计过程，因为土著民族科学家、数字媒体制作人和传统知识持有者合作创建了一个原型虚拟现实表示。该项目将鼓励拉美裔和美国原住民学生对STEM职业和STS研究的兴趣，这对美国劳动力至关重要，同时还将评估虚拟现实技术可能有助于原住民知识回收和文化可持续发展的方式。本研究利用圆桌讨论和参与式设计会议收集的数据，在参与者-网络理论的指导下，解决了四个主要问题：(1)谁是翻译土著天文知识的主要合作者，他们将使用什么材料来创建一种新形式的土著技术科学？(2)沉浸式3-D视听技术能否准确地传达土著认识论的复杂原理？(3)什么样的知识、界面设计、或者需要数据标准化才能有效地为世界各地的其他土著社区建立最佳案例模式？(4)什么样的议定书和方法能够实现最佳案例做法，以确保土著社区及其知识得到尊重而不是被利用？总体而言，这项研究在土著知识保管员的指导下，根据参与土著社区的协议，调查了为公共和社区演示而标准化土著日历可视化所需的过程。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。