Using the life history calendar to examine young transgender women’s trajectories of violence, mental health, and protective processes

项目总结/摘要 我们将进行创新的，混合方法的生命历程研究人际受害，保护 过程，以及年轻变性妇女的心理健康和药物使用。年轻的变性妇女 人际间受害的比例过高，包括虐待儿童、亲密伴侣 暴力和性侵犯，以及与变性人有关的社区暴力。尽管有证据表明 累积的受害增加了顺性别女性心理健康状况不佳的可能性，这些模式 在年轻的跨性别女性中还未被充分探索。拟议的研究将通过开展以下活动来解决这些差距： 在伊利诺伊州芝加哥和威斯康星州密尔沃基的年轻变性女性中进行的两阶段混合方法研究。同相 我，我们将使用生命史日历（LHC），一种收集生命过程数据的创新方法， 在N = 120跨性别女性样本的人际受害的综合经验，年龄在18 - 35。的 大型强子对撞机使用一个大的网格和标志性事件来提示从记忆中检索事件。然后，这些事件可以 定量鉴定，以确定受害的数量，时间和形式。与会者还将 完成一项简短的调查，评估心理健康结果以及寻求帮助和保护过程。同相 第二，我们将进行深入访谈的子样本n = 30跨女性有意选择从阶段 我加深对新的保护过程的理解，并帮助寻找障碍/促进者。具体目标 1）确定人际受害的轨迹，寻求帮助，保护过程，过渡相关 里程碑，以及N = 120名年轻跨性别女性年龄样本的生命历程中的心理健康结果 18 - 35在芝加哥和密尔沃基。我们将使用大型强子对撞机来组织访谈，以定量地捕捉生活事件， 例如，在一个实施例中，人际伤害、求助、保护过程、心理健康结果，包括自杀 尝试和物质使用，以及过渡相关的里程碑。多层次和混合建模将用于 确定这些生活事件在时间上的轨迹; 2）确定人际关系的不同轨迹 受害影响目前的心理健康结果，包括创伤后应激障碍，抑郁，焦虑，自杀意念， 和物质使用，并研究如何保护过程（例如，社会支持、自尊和社区 复原力）缓和暴力对心理健康结果的影响。使用LHC和调查数据，我们将使用 增长混合模型，以检查生命过程中的直接和适度关系;以及3）探索 正式和非正式求助行为的模式，寻求帮助的障碍，精神卫生保健需求， 通过对n = 30名年轻跨性别女性的定性生活史访谈，了解保护过程。妇女 人际暴力的不同轨迹将被有目的地抽样和采访，以获得微妙的 以及关于跨性别女性新的保护过程的深入数据。

Project Summary/Abstract We will conduct innovative, mixed-methods life course research on interpersonal victimization, protective processes, and mental health and substance use among young transgender women. Young transgender women experience disproportionately high rates of interpersonal victimization, including child abuse, intimate partner violence and sexual assault, as well as transgender-related community violence. Although evidence indicates that cumulative victimization increases the likelihood of poor mental health in cisgender women, these patterns are under-explored with young transgender women. The proposed study will address these gaps by conducting a two-phase mixed-methods study with young transgender women in Chicago, IL and Milwaukee, WI. In Phase I, we will use the life history calendar (LHC), an innovative methodology for collecting life course data, to examine comprehensive experiences of interpersonal victimization in a sample of N=120 trans women aged 18-35. The LHC uses a large grid and landmark events to cue retrieval of events from memory. These events can then be quantitatively identified to determine the number, timing, and forms of victimization. Participants will also complete a brief survey assessing mental health outcomes and help-seeking and protective processes. In Phase II, we will conduct in-depth interviews with a subsample of n=30 trans women purposively selected from Phase I to deepen understanding of novel protective processes and help seeking barriers/facilitators. The specific aims are to: 1) Identify trajectories of interpersonal victimization, help-seeking, protective processes, transition-related milestones, and mental health outcomes across the life course in a sample of N=120 young trans women ages 18-35 in Chicago and Milwaukee. We will use the LHC to structure interviews to quantitatively capture life events, e.g., interpersonal victimization, help-seeking, protective processes, mental health outcomes, including suicide attempts and substance use, and transition-related milestones. Multilevel and mixture modeling will be used to identify trajectories of these life events across time; 2) Identify how different trajectories of interpersonal victimization influence current mental health outcomes, including PTSD, depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, and substance use, and examine how protective processes (e.g., social support, self-esteem, and community resilience) moderate the effects of violence on mental health outcomes. Using LHC and survey data, we will use growth mixture modeling to examine direct and moderated relationships over the life course; and 3) Explore patterns of formal and informal help-seeking behaviors, barriers to seeking help, mental health care needs, and protective processes through qualitative life history interviews with n=30 young trans women. Women with different trajectories of interpersonal violence will be purposively sampled and interviewed to obtain nuanced and in-depth data on novel protective processes among trans women.