Using the life history calendar to examine young transgender women’s trajectories of violence, mental health, and protective processes

项目摘要/摘要 我们将对人际受害、保护性的生命过程进行创新、混合方法的研究 年轻的变性妇女的心理健康和物质使用。年轻的变性女性 经历不成比例的人际受害比率，包括虐待儿童、亲密伴侣 暴力和性侵犯，以及与变性人有关的社区暴力。尽管有证据表明 这种累积的受害增加了顺性女性心理健康状况不佳的可能性，这些模式 在年轻的变性人女性中没有得到充分的探索。拟议的研究将通过以下方式解决这些差距： 一项对伊利诺伊州芝加哥和威斯康星州密尔沃基的年轻变性女性进行的两阶段混合方法研究。同相 我，我们将使用生命历史日历(LHC)，一种收集生命过程数据的创新方法，来检查 N=120名18-35岁变性妇女的人际受害综合经历。这个 大型强子对撞机使用大型网格和具有里程碑意义的事件来提示从记忆中检索事件。然后，这些事件可以 定量识别以确定受害的数量、时间和形式。参与者还将 完成一份简短的调查，评估心理健康结果以及寻求帮助和保护的过程。同相 第二，我们将对从阶段中故意挑选的n=30名跨性妇女进行深入访谈 I加深对新的保护程序的理解，并帮助寻找障碍/促进者。具体目标 目的是：1)确定人际受害、寻求帮助、保护过程、与过渡有关的轨迹 N=120年龄段年轻变性女性样本中的里程碑和整个生命周期的心理健康结果 在芝加哥和密尔沃基，18-35。我们将使用大型强子对撞机组织访谈，以定量捕捉生活事件， 例如，人际受害、寻求帮助、保护过程、心理健康结果，包括自杀 尝试和物质使用，以及与过渡有关的里程碑。将使用多水平和混合建模来 确定这些生活事件在时间上的轨迹；2)确定不同的人际关系轨迹 受害会影响当前的心理健康结果，包括创伤后应激障碍、抑郁、焦虑、自杀念头、 和物质使用，并检查保护过程(例如，社会支持、自尊和社区 恢复力)缓和暴力对心理健康结果的影响。使用大型强子对撞机和调查数据，我们将使用 混合生长模型，以检验生命过程中的直接和调节关系；以及3)探索 正式和非正式求助行为的模式、寻求帮助的障碍、精神卫生保健需求以及 通过对30名年轻变性妇女的定性生活史访谈，了解保护过程。女性与 将有目的地对不同的人际暴力轨迹进行抽样和访谈，以获得细微差别 以及关于变性妇女中新的保护过程的深入数据。

Project Summary/Abstract We will conduct innovative, mixed-methods life course research on interpersonal victimization, protective processes, and mental health and substance use among young transgender women. Young transgender women experience disproportionately high rates of interpersonal victimization, including child abuse, intimate partner violence and sexual assault, as well as transgender-related community violence. Although evidence indicates that cumulative victimization increases the likelihood of poor mental health in cisgender women, these patterns are under-explored with young transgender women. The proposed study will address these gaps by conducting a two-phase mixed-methods study with young transgender women in Chicago, IL and Milwaukee, WI. In Phase I, we will use the life history calendar (LHC), an innovative methodology for collecting life course data, to examine comprehensive experiences of interpersonal victimization in a sample of N=120 trans women aged 18-35. The LHC uses a large grid and landmark events to cue retrieval of events from memory. These events can then be quantitatively identified to determine the number, timing, and forms of victimization. Participants will also complete a brief survey assessing mental health outcomes and help-seeking and protective processes. In Phase II, we will conduct in-depth interviews with a subsample of n=30 trans women purposively selected from Phase I to deepen understanding of novel protective processes and help seeking barriers/facilitators. The specific aims are to: 1) Identify trajectories of interpersonal victimization, help-seeking, protective processes, transition-related milestones, and mental health outcomes across the life course in a sample of N=120 young trans women ages 18-35 in Chicago and Milwaukee. We will use the LHC to structure interviews to quantitatively capture life events, e.g., interpersonal victimization, help-seeking, protective processes, mental health outcomes, including suicide attempts and substance use, and transition-related milestones. Multilevel and mixture modeling will be used to identify trajectories of these life events across time; 2) Identify how different trajectories of interpersonal victimization influence current mental health outcomes, including PTSD, depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, and substance use, and examine how protective processes (e.g., social support, self-esteem, and community resilience) moderate the effects of violence on mental health outcomes. Using LHC and survey data, we will use growth mixture modeling to examine direct and moderated relationships over the life course; and 3) Explore patterns of formal and informal help-seeking behaviors, barriers to seeking help, mental health care needs, and protective processes through qualitative life history interviews with n=30 young trans women. Women with different trajectories of interpersonal violence will be purposively sampled and interviewed to obtain nuanced and in-depth data on novel protective processes among trans women.