Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: The Environmental Context of Urban Development

博士论文改进资助：城市发展的环境背景

• 批准号: 2022977
• 负责人: Lauren Ristvet
• 金额: $ 2.51万
• 依托单位: University of Pennsylvania
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-08-01 至 2023-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2022977&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Grant; Environmental

This research undertakes a geoarchaeological investigation of human-environment interactions in a lowland region, where water in the form of rivers, wetlands, and sea encouraged the location, timing, and configuration of the first urban communities. Geoarchaeology is well suited to investigate the environmental context of early cities because it combines the geological sciences with archaeological datasets to examine the intersection of society with the natural world. The team will conduct their research in an area that was once part of a dynamic estuarine delta where the size and physical arrangement of cities coevolved with their environment. The research investigates these phenomena through the collection and analysis of paleoenvironmental datasets to provide a deep-time perspective on urban adaptation to watery settings. STEM diversity is supported through the involvement of graduate students and senior research scientists while the interdisciplinary integration of earth systems scientists with archaeologists will benefit an increasingly inter-dependent and urban global society facing climate instability and sea-level rise. An open source and web-based database application will store and synthesize the geoarchaeological information by joining new data with previously published work from adjoining areas. Though archaeology has both supported and challenged the notion that societies shaped and were shaped by their environments, there is broad consensus that sociopolitical complexity first arose in communities associated with river valleys and coastal plains. This project will extract sediment cores by hand auger and percussion drill from predetermined locations, including off-site sampling of relict levees, crevasse-splays and floodplain, as well as on-site sampling of ancient canals, harbors, and clay-filled pits. Radiography and XRF-scanning will be used to identify past fluvial, deltaic, and marine environments through visual description, sedimentology, and chemostratigraphy. Isotope studies and trace element analysis will be used to differentiate between aerobic and anaerobic settings, as well as the location and flood characteristics.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这项研究对低地地区的人类与环境的相互作用进行了地质考古调查，在那里，河流、湿地和海洋的形式的水促进了第一批城市社区的位置、时机和配置。地质考古学非常适合研究早期城市的环境背景，因为它将地质科学与考古数据集结合起来，研究社会与自然世界的交集。该团队将在一个曾经是一个充满活力的河口三角洲的地区进行研究，在那里，城市的规模和自然布局与他们的环境共同进化。这项研究通过收集和分析古环境数据集来调查这些现象，以提供城市对水环境适应的深层次视角。树干多样性通过研究生和高级研究科学家的参与得到支持，而地球系统科学家与考古学家的跨学科整合将使面临气候不稳定和海平面上升的日益相互依存和城市化的全球社会受益。一个开放源码和基于网络的数据库应用程序将通过将新数据与以前发布的相邻地区的工作相结合来存储和合成地质考古信息。尽管考古学既支持也挑战了社会塑造和被环境塑造的观念，但人们普遍认为，社会政治复杂性首先出现在与河谷和沿海平原相关的社区。该项目将用手动螺旋钻机和冲击钻机从预定的地点提取沉积物岩心，包括对残留堤坝、决口碎屑和泛滥平原进行非现场采样，以及对古运河、港口和粘土填充坑进行现场采样。射线照相和XRF扫描将通过目测描述、沉积学和化学地层学来识别过去的河流、三角洲和海洋环境。同位素研究和微量元素分析将被用来区分好氧和无氧环境，以及地点和洪水特征。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Deltas in Arid Environments

干旱环境中的三角洲

• DOI: 10.3390/w13121677
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Water
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: Day, John;Goodman, Reed;Chen, Zhongyuan;Hunter, Rachael;Giosan, Liviu;Wang, Yanna
• 通讯作者: Wang, Yanna