EAGER: Collaborative Research: Laminar Flow Inlet and Inertia Navigation System Innovation for the NSF/NCAR G-V Aircraft

这个迫切的项目支持为NSF/NCAR G-V飞机开发新的进气口，该进气口将增强科学家测量大气中的环境离子、可凝结蒸汽和短期活性物质的能力。这些类型的化合物通常以非常低的水平存在于大气中，具有高度的活性，通常在第一次接触表面时就会消失。因此，抽样成为他们衡量的一个关键因素。新的进气口将成为G-V飞机空气采样的重要社区资源。社会将受益于预测温室气体汇、气溶胶来源以及这些对空气质量和气候的影响的改进工具。这项工作包括基于计算流体力学模拟的设计、建造和评估的早期阶段，以及联邦航空局对层流进气口的认证，这是对可凝结蒸汽和环境离子进行定量采样的先决条件；这项工作还探索了使用差分GPS自主启动惯性导航系统的可行性，以实现对开放大气中自由基物种的免进气口遥感探测。目前，G-V飞机上经过认证的进气口使用易受壁面损失影响的湍流气流，适合对寿命较长的物种进行采样。自主遥感和层流进水口设计将使大量有机和无机自由基和短寿命物种的采样成为可能，而目前可用的进水口设计是不可能的。新的进气口将有可能填补我们对氧化能力以及那些促进纳米颗粒早期生长的冷凝蒸汽的理解空白。这项研究包括两名研究生和一名博士后奖学金。尽管这项热切的提议是探索性的，是一项高风险、高回报的努力，但参与的科学家的丰富经验和他们现有的分析能力降低了风险和所需的投资。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This EAGER project supports the development of a new inlet for the NSF/NCAR G-V aircraft that will enhance the ability of scientists to measure ambient ions, condensable vapors, and short-lived reactive species in the atmosphere. These types of compounds typically exist in the atmosphere at very low levels, are highly reactive, and are typically lost upon first contact with a surface. Therefore, sampling becomes a critical factor in their measurement. The new inlet will become an important community resource for air sampling from the G-V aircraft. Society will benefit from the improved tools for predicting the sinks of greenhouse gases, the sources of aerosols, and the impact of these on air quality and climate. This effort includes the early stages of the design, construction, and assessment based on computational fluid dynamics simulations, and the Federal Aviation Authority certification of a laminar flow inlet that is pre-requisite for quantitative sampling of condensable vapors and ambient ions; and this effort also explores the feasibility for autonomous startup of an inertia navigation system using differential GPS for inlet-free remote sensing detection of radical species in the open atmosphere. Currently, certified inlets on the G-V aircraft use turbulent air flow regimes that are subject to wall losses, and suitable for the sampling of longer lived species. The autonomous remote-sensing and laminar inlet design will enable the sampling of a multitude of organic and inorganic radical and short lived species not possible with the currently available inlet designs. The new inlet will provide the potential to fill gaps in our understanding of oxidative capacity, and those condensable vapors that add to the early growth of nanoparticles. This research includes the participation of two graduate students and a postdoctoral scholar.Although this EAGER proposal is exploratory and is a high-risk, high-reward effort, the extensive experience of the participating scientists and their existing analytical capabilities reduce both the risk and the required investment.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.