The Generic Herbicide Industry: A Global Production Network Analysis

非专利除草剂行业：全球生产网络分析

• 批准号: 2026088
• 负责人: Marion Werner
• 金额: $ 26.38万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Buffalo
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2024-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2026088&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Generic; Herbicide; Industry; Global; Production

Economic activity is increasingly organized through geographically distanced but organizationally linked supply chains, or “global production networks.” Little is known of how these networks shape the availability and use of substances that act as key drivers of global environmental change. This project will examine one driver – agrochemicals -- through the lens of production networks. It focuses on herbicides (i.e., weed killers), which are among the most important class of pesticides for many countries. Such countries are fast-growing markets for herbicides and, for the first time, they have become their main producers and exporters. The research will investigate this transformation, and what this means for economic development, farming systems, and access to food. The project works across the economy-ecology divide to create explore relationships between environmental change, agro-food systems, economic development, and human health. The project will develop new tools for sharing results, including an interactive database and map of herbicide regulations around the world. New tools and knowledge about the economic and political forces shaping agrochemicals will be made available to industry, policy makers, and non-governmental organizations involved in the international regulation of pesticides.This research examines the transformative role of new, generic herbicide manufacturing firms as important drivers in these chemicals’ widespread availability and use. These firms form part of a global network of activities that includes raw material extraction, active ingredient production, final product formulation, distribution and use. The research design combines qualitative and quantitative methods to understand how the geography of this network has changed in relation to countries’ levels of development since 2000. It examines how these patterns are shaped by power dynamics among firms, interactions between firms and governments, and the changing nature of herbicides themselves due to weed resistance and public health. Results of this work will inform further research on the industrial side of agricultural intensification and its implications for health and wellbeing, environment, and food security. The project will support further development of economy-ecology approaches to the study of global industries.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

经济活动越来越多地通过地理上相距甚远但在组织上相互联系的供应链或“全球生产网络”来组织。人们对这些网络如何影响作为全球环境变化关键驱动因素的物质的供应和使用知之甚少。该项目将通过生产网络的透镜审查一个驱动因素-农用化学品。它侧重于除草剂（即，除草剂），这是许多国家最重要的一类杀虫剂。 这些国家是除草剂快速增长的市场，并且首次成为除草剂的主要生产国和出口国。该研究将调查这种转变，以及这对经济发展，农业系统和获得食物意味着什么。该项目跨越经济生态鸿沟，探索环境变化、农业食品系统、经济发展和人类健康之间的关系。该项目将开发新的成果共享工具，包括一个互动式数据库和世界各地除草剂法规地图。有关塑造农用化学品的经济和政治力量的新工具和知识将提供给工业界、政策制定者和参与国际农药监管的非政府组织。本研究探讨了新型通用除草剂制造公司作为这些化学品广泛供应和使用的重要驱动力的变革作用。这些公司是全球活动网络的一部分，包括原材料提取、活性成分生产、最终产品配制、分销和使用。研究设计结合了定性和定量方法，以了解自2000年以来这一网络的地理位置如何随着各国的发展水平而变化。它探讨了这些模式是如何形成的权力动态之间的公司，公司和政府之间的相互作用，以及除草剂本身的性质变化，由于杂草抗性和公共卫生。 这项工作的结果将为进一步研究农业集约化的工业方面及其对健康和福祉，环境和粮食安全的影响提供信息。该项目将支持进一步发展经济生态学方法来研究全球工业。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Regulation by impasse: Pesticide registration, capital and the state in Costa Rica

• DOI: 10.1177/25148486221116742
• 发表时间: 2022-08
• 期刊: Environment and Planning E: Nature and Space
• 作者: María Soledad Castro-Vargas;Marion Werner

Global pesticide use and trade database (GloPUT): New estimates show pesticide use trends in low-income countries substantially underestimated

• DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2023.102693
• 发表时间: 2023-07
• 期刊: Global Environmental Change
• 作者: Annie Shattuck;Marion Werner;F. Mempel;Zackary Dunivin;R. Galt

Geographies of production III: Global production in/through nature

生产地域 III：自然中/通过自然进行的全球生产

• DOI: 10.1177/03091325211022810
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Progress in Human Geography
• 影响因子: 7.1
• 作者: Werner, Marion

The Glyphosate Assemblage: Herbicides, Uneven Development, and Chemical Geographies of Ubiquity

• DOI: 10.1080/24694452.2021.1898322
• 发表时间: 2021-05
• 期刊: Annals of the American Association of Geographers
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: Marion Werner;C. Berndt;B. Mansfield

A new critical social science research agenda on pesticides

• DOI: 10.1007/s10460-023-10492-w
• 发表时间: 2023-08
• 期刊: Agriculture and Human Values
• 影响因子: 4.5
• 作者: B. Mansfield;Marion Werner;C. Berndt;Annie Shattuck;R. Galt;Bryan Lee Williams;L. Argüelles;F. Barri;Marcia Ishii;J. Kunin;Pablo Lapegna;Adam Romero;Andres Caicedo;Abhigya;María Soledad Castro-Vargas;E. Marquez;Diana Ojeda;Fernando Ramirez;Anne Tittor