FW-HTF-P: Essential Decision-Making Skills for the Future Workforce in Smart Manufacturing

2019年，制造业有超过1570万工人，使其成为美国第四大产业。在接下来的十年里，许多制造业工人可能会看到他们的工作被淘汰或重新配置。制造业近10%的工作岗位将是全新的。制造业越来越依赖智能技术，如人工智能、物联网、机器人、协作机器人等。让工人为所谓的第四次工业革命做好准备，并不仅仅是训练工人按下不同的按钮或监视屏幕。这种方法只会让工人为今天的机器做好准备，而无法解决与智能技术支持的工作场所互动所需的决策技能。这项“人类技术前沿工作的未来”（FW-HTF）规划资助项目正在确定当前劳动力在未来智能制造设施中取得成功所需的特定决策技能。该项目的成果将帮助当地和区域机构制定计划，并为劳动力做好准备，以适应制造设施采用智能技术的技术变革浪潮。这个为期一年的规划项目正在收集来自不同国家的成熟智能工厂的工人决策信息，以确定决策能力。这些案例研究，沿着一个实验心理学项目，以及多个咨询小组会议，正在被用来开发一个智能工厂工人准备调查，以确定个人的优势和差距，在基本的决策技能。该项目的最终结果将是开发培训模块，以帮助制造业工作的当前和未来的工人成为更有效的决策者。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。

In 2019, there were over 15.7 million workers in manufacturing, making it the fourth largest industry in the United States. In the next decade, many workers in manufacturing could see their jobs eliminated or reconfigured. Nearly 10 percent of the jobs in manufacturing will be entirely new. Manufacturing is increasingly relying on smart technologies such as artificial intelligence, the internet of things, robots, cobots, and more. Preparing workers for this so-called fourth industrial revolution is not simply about training the workforce to push different buttons or monitor screens. Such an approach would only prepare workers for the machines of today and would fail to address decision-making skills needed for interacting with the smart-technology enabled workplace. This Future of Work at the Human-Technology Frontier (FW-HTF) Planning Grant project is identifying the specific decision-making skills that will be needed for the current workforce to be successful in smart manufacturing facilities of the future. The results from the project will help local and regional agencies create plans and prepare the workforce to ride the tide of technological change as manufacturing facilities adopt smart technologies. This one-year planning project is gathering information on worker decision-making in established smart factories from different countries to identify decision-making competencies. These case studies, along with an experimental psychology project, and multiple, advisory group meetings, are being used to develop a smart factory worker readiness survey to identify individual strengths and gaps in essential decision-making skills. The project end result will be the development of training modules to assist current and future workers in the manufacturing industry work be more effective decision-makers.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.