EAGER: COVID-19 Modular Disinfection System based on Ultraviolet Irradiation

EAGER：基于紫外线照射的 COVID-19 模块化消毒系统

• 批准号: 2028445
• 负责人: Andrea Armani
• 金额: $ 6.49万
• 依托单位: University of Southern California
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-05-15 至 2021-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2028445&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; COVID; 19; Modular; Disinfection

Highly infectious microbial and viral diseases are a major challenge to global health and economic stability. In addition to the current COVID-19 pandemic, the Center for Disease Control (CDC) noted that the increase of antibiotic-resistant bacteria outside of medical settings was a cause for significant concern. One strategy for combatting viral and bacterial infections is the implementation of disinfection measures. Among the different chemical, thermal, and irradiation methods, disinfection based on exposure to ultraviolet (UV-C) light has gained favor due to its efficacy against a broad range of microbial and viral agents in a variety of environments. However, UV-C systems come in two categories: expensive and weak hand-held systems designed for small area applications or large commercial systems for medical settings. Both systems are currently challenging to procure. This research effort will design, fabricate, and validate a UV-C system in collaboration with USC Keck Hospital in Los Angeles that can be home built from easy-to-procure components. The research findings will be disseminated through online postings of the designs, podcasts, and an established online conference, as well as through peer-reviewed journals. PhD students and undergraduate researchers will be involved in the collaborative research effort.The UV-C wavelength band covers 100nm-280nm, and it directly overlaps with the peak absorption of DNA and RNA (~260nm). Upon UV-C absorption, the pyrimidines in the RNA or DNA are converted to pyrimidine (6–4) pyrimidone photoproducts and cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers. If the population of dimers is sufficiently high, transcription errors occur, ultimately resulting in inactivation of the bacteria or virus. UV-C is recognized as a universal disinfection method for bacteria, and its effectiveness in viral disinfection is not correlated with virus size, but with pyrimidine concentration. Thus, given the universality of UV-C as a disinfection method, designing and validating a system that can be constructed from easy-to-procure components has significant societal impact. The present work plans to leverage the recent rise of open-source electronics and commercially available components to design and build a portable UV-C disinfection system. Two different sources of UV-C will be explored as well as several different enclosure designs and control systems. This work includes both theoretical and experimental efforts. The final system will be validated using both bacterial and viral agents to ensure that the system meets the needs of the medical community and broader society. Given the impact of the current COVID-19 pandemic as well as the increase of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the community, designs for easy to build disinfection systems will have significant impact globally.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

高度传染性的微生物和病毒疾病是全球健康和经济稳定的主要挑战。除了目前的COVID-19大流行外，疾病控制中心（CDC）指出，在医疗环境之外，抗生素耐药菌的增加是引起重大关注的原因。对抗病毒和细菌感染的一种策略是实施消毒措施。在不同的化学，热和辐照方法中，基于暴露于紫外线（UV-C）光的消毒因其在各种环境中的各种微生物和病毒剂的效率而获得了青睐。但是，UV-C系统分为两类：昂贵且弱的手持系统，专为小区域应用或用于医疗环境的大型商业系统。两种系统目前都具有挑战性。这项研究工作将与洛杉矶的USC Keck医院合作设计，制造和验证UV-C系统，这些系统可以是由易于生产的组件建造的。研究结果将通过在线发布，播客和已建立的在线会议以及同行评审的期刊来传播。博士生和本科研究人员将参与协作研究工作。UV-C波长频段覆盖100nm-280nm，并且直接与DNA和RNA的峰值损失（〜260NM）重叠。在吸收UV-C时，将RNA或DNA中的嘧啶转化为嘧啶（6-4）嘧啶酮光吸收和环丁烷嘧啶二聚体。如果二聚体的种群足够高，则会发生转录误差，最终导致细菌或病毒失活。 UV-C被公认为是细菌的通用消毒方法，其在病毒消毒中的有效性与病毒大小无关，而与嘧啶浓度相关。考虑到UV-C的宇宙是消毒方法，设计和验证可以从易于生产的组件构建的系统具有重大的社会影响。目前的工作计划旨在利用最近的开源电子设备和市售组件的兴起，以设计和建立便携式UV-C消毒系统。将探索两种不同的UV-C来源，以及几种不同的外壳设计和控制系统。这项工作包括理论和实验性工作。最终系统将使用细菌和病毒剂同时验证，以确保该系统满足医学界和更广泛的社会的需求。鉴于当前的Covid-19大流行以及社区中抗生素耐药细菌的增加的影响，易于构建的消毒系统的设计将在全球范围内产生重大影响。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用该基金会的智力功能和广泛的影响来评估Criteria诚实地认为，通过评估诚实的支持。

项目成果

Low-tech solutions for the COVID-19 supply chain crisis

• DOI: 10.1038/s41578-020-0205-1
• 发表时间: 2020-05-11
• 期刊: NATURE REVIEWS MATERIALS
• 影响因子: 83.5
• 作者: Armani, Andrea M.;Hurt, Darrell E.;Scholtz, Alexis
• 通讯作者: Scholtz, Alexis

Evaluating the impact of ideation and actualization of multidisciplinary research

评估多学科研究的构思和实现的影响

• DOI: 10.1038/s42005-021-00714-0
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Communications Physics
• 影响因子: 5.5
• 作者: Armani, Andrea M.;Lee, Jerry S. H.
• 通讯作者: Lee, Jerry S. H.

Catalyzing pathways for translational research beyond COVID-19

催化 COVID-19 以外的转化研究途径

• DOI: 10.1038/s42005-021-00672-7
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Communications Physics
• 影响因子: 5.5
• 作者: Armani, Andrea M.;Diebold, Eric D.
• 通讯作者: Diebold, Eric D.

COVID-19 Diagnostics: Past, Present, and Future

COVID-19 诊断：过去、现在和未来

• DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.1c01052
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: ACS Photonics
• 影响因子: 7
• 作者: Scholtz, Alexis;Ramoji, Anuradha;Silge, Anja;Jansson, Jakob R.;de Moura, Ian G.;Popp, Jürgen;Sram, Jakub P.;Armani, Andrea M.
• 通讯作者: Armani, Andrea M.

The need to recognize and reward academic service

• DOI: 10.1038/s41578-021-00383-z
• 发表时间: 2021-09-29
• 期刊: NATURE REVIEWS MATERIALS
• 影响因子: 83.5
• 作者: Armani, Andrea M.;Jackson, Christopher;Wade, Jessica
• 通讯作者: Wade, Jessica