RAPID: Collaborative Research: The Internet under Widespread Shelter-in-Place: Resilience, Response, and Lessons for the Future

COVID-19的蔓延导致日常生活发生前所未有的持续变化，包括就地安置订单、企业和学校普遍关闭，以及在家工作和在家上学达到前所未有的水平。这些行为上的变化对互联网提出了非同寻常的要求。该项目将衡量互联网满足这些需求的能力，包括比较其在COVID-19高峰期之前、期间和之后的表现;受COVID-19影响严重的地区和受影响较小的地区之间的变化量是否不同;以及大型网络是否以及如何适应。为了提供这种丰富的理解，该项目将联合收割机结合多个互联网规模的数据集，提供互补的观点，以调查对COVID-19的反应如何影响互联网以及网络如何反应。具体而言，该项目将通过测量全球流量模式和拥塞对全球性能的影响，来衡量工作负载如何变化及其对网络的影响。此外，该项目将通过监测路径变化（表明在应对COVID-19的措施引起的激增期间流量重新路由），确定是否部署流量管理以（取消）优先级某些网络流量，以及测量网络是否增加互连和升级容量，来衡量网络如何应对这些工作负载变化。 衡量COVID-19对网络的影响将揭示互联网的优势和弱点，是提高互联网在面对流行病、自然灾害、大规模冲突和恐怖袭击时的未来应变能力的关键一步。互联网是为弹性而设计的，但大型云和内容提供商一直在避免公共互联网交换点和公共互联网，而倾向于私有互连和私有广域网。本项目将了解这些决定的影响。这些策略在压力下的相对表现应该在为未来的研究、资助和关键互联网基础设施的设计提供信息方面发挥关键作用。本研究使用的所有数据、测量工具和分析代码将在我们的附属组织和现行数据隐私法规允许的最大范围内发布，并在https：//www.example.com上发布这些工件的链接。covid19-internet-resilience.github.io/我们的目标是通过免费存储和云存储库使这些工件永久公开可用，尽管持续时间取决于这些资源的可用性。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。

The spread of COVID-19 has led to unprecedented and ongoing changes to daily life, including shelter-in-place orders, widespread closing of businesses and schools, and work-from-home and school-from-home at previously unknown levels. These changes in behavior are placing extraordinary demands on the Internet. This project will measure the Internet’s ability to meet these demands, including comparing its performance before, during, and after the peak of COVID-19; whether the amount of change varies between areas heavily impacted by COVID-19 and those less impacted; and whether and how large networks adapt.To provide this rich understanding, this project will combine multiple Internet-scale datasets that provide complementary views to investigate how responses to COVID-19 have impacted the Internet and how networks have reacted. Specifically, the project will measure how workloads have changed and their impact on networks in response to COVID-19 by measuring traffic patterns worldwide and the impact of congestion on performance globally. In addition, the project will measure how networks react to these changes in workloads by monitoring path changes that indicate rerouting of traffic during surges induced by measures in response to COVID-19, identifying whether traffic management is deployed for (de)prioritizing certain network flows, and measuring whether networks add interconnections and upgrade capacity. Measuring the network impact of COVID-19 will illuminate the Internet’s strengths and weak points and is a crucial step towards improving the Internet’s future resilience in the face of pandemics, natural disasters, large scale conflict, and terrorist attacks. The Internet is designed for resiliency, but large cloud and content providers have been avoiding public Internet exchange points and the public Internet in favor of private interconnection and private wide-area networks. This project will understand the impact of these decisions. The relative performance of these strategies under stress should play a critical role in informing future research, funding, and design of critical Internet infrastructure. All of the data, measurement tools, and analysis code used for this study will be published to the greatest extent permitted by our affiliated organizations and prevailing data privacy regulations, with links to these artifacts posted athttps://covid19-internet-resilience.github.io/. The goal is to keep these artifacts publicly available in perpetuity via free storage and cloud repositories, though the duration is subject to the availability of such resources. The tools and code will be maintained for as long as they remain useful for measuring Internet resilience.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.