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RAPID: Collaborative Research: A Comparative Study of Expertise for Policy in the COVID-19 Pandemic

RAPID：协作研究：COVID-19 大流行政策专业知识的比较研究

基本信息

批准号：
2028567
负责人：
Stephen Hilgartner
金额：
$ 6.34万
依托单位：
Cornell University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-05-01 至 2021-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2028567&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
RAPID Collaborative Research Comparative Study

项目摘要

As policy makers work to avert catastrophic health and economic outcomes due to COVID 19, they are struggling with a difficult question: What makes expert knowledge credible, legitimate, and reliable for use in public policy? That question is especially urgent since national and regional authorities are facing scientific uncertainty and fast-moving events that cross geopolitical borders, and the need for quick action stands in tension with the need to ground policy in robust expert knowledge and convincing analysis. Ways of identifying trustworthy sources of expertise is essential, but they remain largely vested in governments with their differing institutions, research traditions, cultural commitments, and civic beliefs. The PIs will conduct a multi-sited investigation in ten regions that will capture detailed information about the COVID 19 crisis as it unfolds, and then conduct a rigorous comparative analysis to provide a better understanding of the relationship between expertise and trust, a critically important nexus for policy makers in an era of decentralized information and polarized politics. Effective dissemination of results to critical policy analysts and policy communities is key to the success of this project. To achieve this goal, the PIs will utilize the extensive connections that they and their collaborative partners have to science policymakers and national and international organizations.The PIs have assembled a team of research partners, well established STS scholars in ten regions, who have agreed to participate in the project. This team will collect and analyze publications and public documents pertaining to COVID-19 policy making in each region. These materials will provide the basis for STS-based accounts of knowledge and policymaking in each region for the comparisons that are central to this project. To provide that account, they will build a basic policy timeline tracking key events and decisions in each region’s response to the pandemic. Tracking these moves will enable them to document change and analyze variations in how issues are framed and evidence is gathered. They will also collect information on uncertainties (such as scope and limitations of scientific knowledge) and controversies, with a focus on the most contentious aspect of coronavirus policy in each region. In addition, they will track carefully chosen objects as they are incorporated into policy discussions. Such objects include particularly influential epidemiological and epistemic models, widely circulated visual representations, key policy concepts, and knowledge claims about the availability, effectiveness, and future prospects of medical interventions.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在政策制定者努力避免因COVID - 19造成的灾难性健康和经济后果之际，他们正在努力解决一个难题：什么使专家知识可信、合法和可靠地用于公共政策？这一问题尤其紧迫，因为国家和地区当局正面临科学的不确定性和跨越地缘政治边界的快速发展事件，迅速采取行动的必要性与将政策建立在可靠的专家知识和令人信服的分析基础上的必要性相互矛盾。确定值得信赖的专业知识来源的方法是必不可少的，但它们在很大程度上仍然归属于政府，因为它们的制度、研究传统、文化承诺和公民信仰各不相同。ppi将在10个地区进行多地点调查，收集有关COVID - 19危机的详细信息，然后进行严格的比较分析，以更好地理解专业知识与信任之间的关系，这是信息分散和政治两极分化时代政策制定者至关重要的联系。将结果有效地传播给关键的政策分析人员和政策团体是这个项目成功的关键。为了实现这一目标，pi将利用它们及其合作伙伴与科学政策制定者以及国家和国际组织之间的广泛联系。ppi已经组建了一个研究伙伴团队，这些研究伙伴是来自10个地区的知名STS学者，他们同意参与该项目。该小组将收集和分析每个地区与COVID-19政策制定有关的出版物和公共文件。这些材料将为基于sts的各区域知识和政策制定报告提供基础，以便进行本项目的核心比较。为了提供这一说明，他们将建立一个基本的政策时间表，跟踪每个区域应对大流行的关键事件和决定。跟踪这些行动将使他们能够记录变化并分析问题框架和证据收集方式的变化。他们还将收集有关不确定性（如科学知识的范围和局限性）和争议的信息，重点关注每个地区冠状病毒政策中最具争议的方面。此外，他们将跟踪精心挑选的对象，因为它们被纳入政策讨论。这些对象包括特别有影响力的流行病学和认识论模型、广泛传播的可视化表示、关键政策概念以及关于医疗干预措施的可用性、有效性和未来前景的知识主张。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。