RAPID: Exposure Indices for COVID-19 Research

RAPID：COVID-19 研究的暴露指数

• 批准号: 2030056
• 负责人: Kevin Williams
• 金额: $ 19.94万
• 依托单位: National Bureau of Economic Research Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-06-15 至 2022-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2030056&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Exposure; Indices; COVID; 19

AbstractWe use smartphone movement data to create human exposure indices for COVID-19. The immediate outputs of the project are ready-to-use data that will enable COVID-19 research requiring information on human movement. The three indices, LEX, DEX, and VEX, study movements both within and across geographies in the United States. They measure location exposure stemming from cross-county movements, device exposure stemming from potential interactions at establishments, and venue exposure that counts visits at identified establishments, respectively. All indices are provided at a daily frequency at various granularities. In addition to these indices, we provide documentation and practical advice for using the data in research. These data can be immediately used by other researchers and policy makers in examining human exposure to COVID-19. Policy makers can utilize these resources for immediate insights on COVID-19 exposure and for modelling reopening the economy in relation to human movement. Our analysis utilizes cell phone ping data covering millions of devices and millions of identified locations. The LEX is a matrix that utilizes smartphones pinged in a given location each day and incorporates the share of devices pinged in each location at least once during the previous two weeks. The DEX is a device-level index that incorporates the average exposure of people living in a county to other people within commercial venues. To calculate exposure, the index utilizes the number of distinct other devices the focal device interacts with through visits in a given establishment in a given day. The DEX index take into consideration that individuals sheltering in place may influence the quantity of cell phone pings for analysis. The VEX counts the number of devices that are present in the same establishment at the same time. The VEX index provides insights around establishment traffic before and after stay-at-home orders.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

摘要利用智能手机移动数据建立COVID-19人体暴露指数。该项目的直接产出是现成的数据，这些数据将支持需要人体运动信息的COVID-19研究。LEX、DEX和VEX这三个指数研究了美国境内和跨地区的走势。他们分别测量了来自跨县移动的地点暴露，来自机构潜在互动的设备暴露，以及计算在确定机构访问次数的场所暴露。所有指数均按每日频率按不同粒度提供。除了这些索引外，我们还提供了在研究中使用数据的文档和实用建议。其他研究人员和政策制定者可以立即使用这些数据来检查人类与COVID-19的接触情况。政策制定者可以利用这些资源立即了解COVID-19的暴露情况，并建立与人员流动有关的重新开放经济的模型。我们的分析利用了覆盖数百万台设备和数百万个已确定位置的手机ping数据。LEX是一个矩阵，它利用了每天在给定位置被ping到的智能手机，并结合了在过去两周内至少在每个位置被ping到一次的设备的份额。DEX是一个设备级指数，包含了居住在一个县的人对商业场所内其他人的平均暴露程度。为了计算曝光，该指数利用了在给定的一天内，通过访问给定的机构，焦点设备与不同的其他设备相互作用的数量。DEX指数考虑到个人在适当的地方避难可能会影响手机ping的数量进行分析。VEX计算同一时间存在于同一场所的设备数量。VEX指数提供了在家办公订单前后的店铺流量情况。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。