Indices of Exposure and Vulnerability for Predicting Alcohol-Related Problems

预测酒精相关问题的暴露指数和脆弱性指数

• 批准号: 7386382
• 负责人: SARAH E NELSON
• 金额: $ 7.76万
• 依托单位: CAMBRIDGE HEALTH ALLIANCE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-04-01 至 2010-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7386382
• 关键词: Adolescent; Adolescent Behavior; Adoption; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol dependence; Alcohols; Area; Award; Behavior; Censuses; Cities; Communities; Crime; Data; Data Analyses; Data Set; Depth; Development; Disease; Environment; Environmental Exposure; Evaluation; Exposure to; Face; Family; Goals; Individual; Lead; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mediating; Medical; Modeling; Modification; Neighborhoods; Paint; Population; Populations at Risk; Predisposition; Prevalence; Prevention; Prevention intervention; Public Health; Public Health Applications Research; Publishing; Range; Rate; Relative (related person); Request for Applications; Request for Proposals; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Resource Allocation; Rest; Review Literature; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Schools; Societies; Sonal; Techniques; Testing; Theoretical model; Time; Toxin; Validation; addiction; adolescent substance use; alcohol exposure; alcohol related problem; base; concept; distilled alcoholic beverage; experience; high school; indexing; model development; programs; psychologic; research study; social

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This Small Grant Research Award (R03) application requests two years of support for secondary data analysis to develop indices of regional and personal exposure and vulnerability that can be used in the longitudinal study of determinants of early alcohol use and alcohol-related problems. Though research on risk factors for alcohol abuse is common, this research and the models it generates are not well integrated. We know little about the interaction between exposure and vulnerability and less about the relative influence of risk factors measured within different contexts (e.g., at regional, macro levels and personal, micro levels). The integration of models of risk and vulnerability at macro- and micro- levels can lead to deeper understanding of the interactions between risk factors and more effective treatment and prevention of alcohol-related problems. The proposed research program will a) develop both regional and personal theoretical models that measure exposure to alcohol-using opportunities and vulnerability to early alcohol use and the development of alcohol- related problems; b) test those models and their ability to predict alcohol using behaviors in a longitudinal sample of adolescents; and c) use the findings from those tests to expand and refine the models. Because these models are specific to the development of early alcohol use and alcohol-related problems, the ideal sample is a population at risk for initiating alcohol using behaviors adolescents in the period between middle school and high school. Therefore, the proposed research study will use a well-established longitudinal data set of adolescent substance use to develop and test the models of exposure and vulnerability. These initial tests and findings, which this R03 will support, will lead to the development of an R01 application to further advance the quantification, application, evaluation, and enhancement of a comprehensive model of risk for alcohol-related problems. Such a quantifiable model can provide standardized measures of exposure and vulnerability that can be compared across regions and individuals and used to better target prevention and intervention efforts.Project Narrative This project will develop indices of regional and personal exposure and vulnerability that can be used to advance our understanding of the interactive role of community level and individual level risk factors in the development of alcohol-related problems. This advanced understanding can lead to more focused targets for prevention and intervention.

描述（由申请人提供）：该小额赠款研究奖（R03）申请要求两年的二次数据分析支持，以制定区域和个人暴露和脆弱性指数，可用于早期饮酒和酒精相关问题的决定因素的纵向研究。尽管对酗酒风险因素的研究很常见，但这项研究及其生成的模型并未得到很好的整合。我们对暴露与脆弱性之间的相互作用知之甚少，对不同背景下（例如，区域、宏观层面和个人、微观层面）衡量的风险因素的相对影响知之甚少。宏观和微观层面风险和脆弱性模型的整合可以加深对风险因素之间相互作用的理解，并更有效地治疗和预防酒精相关问题。拟议的研究计划将： a) 开发区域和个人理论模型，衡量饮酒机会、早期饮酒的脆弱性以及酒精相关问题的发展； b) 测试这些模型及其在青少年纵向样本中预测饮酒行为的能力； c) 使用这些测试的结果来扩展和完善模型。由于这些模型专门针对早期饮酒和酒精相关问题的发展，因此理想的样本是处于初中和高中期间开始饮酒行为的青少年的风险人群。因此，拟议的研究将使用完善的青少年物质使用纵向数据集来开发和测试暴露和脆弱性模型。 R03 将支持这些初步测试和发现，并将导致 R01 应用程序的开发，以进一步推进酒精相关问题的综合风险模型的量化、应用、评估和增强。这种可量化的模型可以提供暴露和脆弱性的标准化衡量标准，可以在不同地区和个人之间进行比较，并用于更好地确定预防和干预工作的目标。 项目叙述 该项目将制定区域和个人暴露和脆弱性指数，可用于加深我们对社区层面和个人层面风险因素在酒精相关问题发展中相互作用作用的理解。这种先进的理解可以带来更有针对性的预防和干预目标。