Indices of Exposure and Vulnerability for Predicting Alcohol-Related Problems

预测酒精相关问题的暴露指数和脆弱性指数

• 批准号: 7386382
• 负责人: SARAH E NELSON
• 金额: $ 7.76万
• 依托单位: CAMBRIDGE HEALTH ALLIANCE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-04-01 至 2010-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7386382
• 关键词: Adolescent; Adolescent Behavior; Adoption; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol dependence; Alcohols; Area; Award; Behavior; Censuses; Cities; Communities; Crime; Data; Data Analyses; Data Set; Depth; Development; Disease; Environment; Environmental Exposure; Evaluation; Exposure to; Face; Family; Goals; Individual; Lead; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mediating; Medical; Modeling; Modification; Neighborhoods; Paint; Population; Populations at Risk; Predisposition; Prevalence; Prevention; Prevention intervention; Public Health; Public Health Applications Research; Publishing; Range; Rate; Relative (related person); Request for Applications; Request for Proposals; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Resource Allocation; Rest; Review Literature; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Schools; Societies; Sonal; Techniques; Testing; Theoretical model; Time; Toxin; Validation; addiction; adolescent substance use; alcohol exposure; alcohol related problem; base; concept; distilled alcoholic beverage; experience; high school; indexing; model development; programs; psychologic; research study; social

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This Small Grant Research Award (R03) application requests two years of support for secondary data analysis to develop indices of regional and personal exposure and vulnerability that can be used in the longitudinal study of determinants of early alcohol use and alcohol-related problems. Though research on risk factors for alcohol abuse is common, this research and the models it generates are not well integrated. We know little about the interaction between exposure and vulnerability and less about the relative influence of risk factors measured within different contexts (e.g., at regional, macro levels and personal, micro levels). The integration of models of risk and vulnerability at macro- and micro- levels can lead to deeper understanding of the interactions between risk factors and more effective treatment and prevention of alcohol-related problems. The proposed research program will a) develop both regional and personal theoretical models that measure exposure to alcohol-using opportunities and vulnerability to early alcohol use and the development of alcohol- related problems; b) test those models and their ability to predict alcohol using behaviors in a longitudinal sample of adolescents; and c) use the findings from those tests to expand and refine the models. Because these models are specific to the development of early alcohol use and alcohol-related problems, the ideal sample is a population at risk for initiating alcohol using behaviors adolescents in the period between middle school and high school. Therefore, the proposed research study will use a well-established longitudinal data set of adolescent substance use to develop and test the models of exposure and vulnerability. These initial tests and findings, which this R03 will support, will lead to the development of an R01 application to further advance the quantification, application, evaluation, and enhancement of a comprehensive model of risk for alcohol-related problems. Such a quantifiable model can provide standardized measures of exposure and vulnerability that can be compared across regions and individuals and used to better target prevention and intervention efforts.Project Narrative This project will develop indices of regional and personal exposure and vulnerability that can be used to advance our understanding of the interactive role of community level and individual level risk factors in the development of alcohol-related problems. This advanced understanding can lead to more focused targets for prevention and intervention.

描述(由申请人提供)：这项小额赠款研究奖(R03)申请申请为期两年，以支持二级数据分析，以开发区域和个人暴露和脆弱性指数，可用于对早期饮酒和与酒精相关问题的决定因素的纵向研究。尽管对酗酒风险因素的研究很常见，但这项研究及其生成的模型并没有很好地整合在一起。我们对暴露与脆弱性之间的相互作用知之甚少，对在不同背景下(例如，在区域、宏观和个人、微观层面)衡量的风险因素的相对影响知之甚少。将宏观和微观层面的风险和脆弱性模型结合起来，可以加深对风险因素之间相互作用的理解，从而更有效地治疗和预防与酒精有关的问题。拟议的研究计划将a)开发区域和个人理论模型，以衡量接触酒精的机会和早期饮酒的脆弱性以及与酒精有关的问题的发展；b)测试这些模型及其在青少年纵向样本中预测酒精使用行为的能力；c)使用这些测试的结果来扩展和改进模型。由于这些模型特定于早期饮酒和与酒精相关的问题的发展，理想的样本是初中至高中期间青少年开始饮酒行为的风险人群。因此，拟议的研究性研究将使用已建立的青少年物质使用的纵向数据集来开发和测试暴露和脆弱性的模型。这些初步测试和发现将得到R03的支持，将导致R01应用程序的开发，以进一步推进酒精相关问题的全面风险模型的量化、应用、评估和增强。这种可量化的模型可以提供暴露和脆弱性的标准化测量，可以跨区域和个人进行比较，并用于更好地确定预防和干预工作的目标。 该项目将编制区域和个人接触和脆弱性指数，以增进我们对社区一级和个人一级的风险因素在与酒精有关的问题发展过程中的互动作用的理解。这种先进的理解可以使预防和干预的目标更有针对性。