RAPID: Who is (Not) Complying with the Social Distancing Directive and Why?

RAPID：谁（不）遵守社交距离指令？为什么？

• 批准号: 2031097
• 负责人: Russell Fazio
• 金额: $ 6.38万
• 依托单位: Ohio State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-05-01 至 2021-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2031097&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Who; Complying; Social; Distancing

In the current COVID-19 pandemic, one approach to minimizing the spread of the virus focuses on people’s behavior – social distancing. Since the start of the pandemic, government leaders and health experts have requested citizens to follow social distancing directives. Despite this repeated message and despite the fact that many people are taking the message seriously, many others are violating the new norms. That raises important questions: who is and who is not complying, and why? Understanding why people choose not to practice social distancing is crucial for designing effective public service campaigns. This research investigates who complies, what specific beliefs should be addressed, and what factors make public campaigns believable. The project seeks to identify the factors that lead to greater compliance for the greater good, and will inform future public service campaigns. A series of studies examines how social distancing behaviors vary as a function of belief systems. An innovative measure of social distancing is developed – one that is more behavioral in nature than the typical survey. The critical beliefs that are to be examined stem from a conceptual framework regarding a directive as involving three essential components. One is the source -- someone is requesting people to change their behavior. A second is the surrounding context -- the request is in response to some challenge. The third component is the target -- the persons to whom the request is addressed. Belief systems relevant to each of these three components are expected to influence the likelihood that people will comply with the request. As a result, an entire network of beliefs is expected to influence how people respond and why. Some individuals’ belief systems will lead them to view the request favorably, thus promoting appropriate social distancing behaviors. Others will reach more negative conclusions and subsequently refuse to take directives seriously. Once the concerns about the pandemic have lessened, study participants will be re-contacted and asked to again respond to social distancing behavioral scenarios and to indicate if they had experienced virus symptoms in the interim. Those follow-up data will shed light on the relationship between individuals’ social distancing behaviors and their subsequent likelihood of infection. The research aims to inform theory regarding social compliance processes, and will provide a stronger foundation for developing future public service campaigns.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在当前的COVID-19大流行中，最大限度地减少病毒传播的一种方法侧重于人们的行为-社交距离。自疫情爆发以来，政府领导人和卫生专家已要求公民遵守社交距离指示。尽管这一信息反复出现，尽管许多人认真对待这一信息，但许多其他人正在违反新的规范。这就提出了重要的问题：谁在遵守，谁没有遵守，为什么？了解人们为什么不选择保持社交距离，对于设计有效的公共服务活动至关重要。 这项研究调查了谁遵守、应该解决哪些具体信念以及哪些因素使公共活动可信。该项目旨在确定导致更好地遵守规定的因素，并将为今后的公共服务运动提供信息。一系列的研究探讨了社交距离行为如何随着信仰体系的变化而变化。一个创新的措施，社会距离的开发-一个更行为的性质比典型的调查。要检查的关键信念源于一个概念框架，涉及三个基本组成部分的指令。 一个是源头--有人要求人们改变他们的行为。 第二个是周围的环境--请求是对一些挑战的回应。 第三个组成部分是目标-请求所针对的人。与这三个组成部分相关的信念系统预计会影响人们遵守请求的可能性。 因此，一个完整的信念网络预计会影响人们如何反应以及为什么反应。一些人的信念系统会导致他们对请求持赞成态度，从而促进适当的社交距离行为。其他人会得出更消极的结论，随后拒绝认真对待指令。一旦对大流行的担忧减轻，研究参与者将被重新联系，并被要求再次对社交距离行为情景做出反应，并表明他们在此期间是否经历过病毒症状。 这些后续数据将揭示个人社交距离行为与其随后感染可能性之间的关系。 该研究旨在为社会合规过程的理论提供信息，并将为未来的公共服务活动提供更坚实的基础。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。