RAPID: Monographing the Antarctic and Subantarctic Cumacea

RAPID：南极和亚南极库马西亚专着

• 批准号: 2032029
• 负责人: Sarah Gerken
• 金额: $ 7.14万
• 依托单位: University of Alaska Anchorage Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2032029&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Monographing; Antarctic; Subantarctic; Cumacea

Ocean communities play an important role in determining the natural and human impacts of global change. The most conspicuous members of those communities are generally large vertebrates such as marine mammals and sea birds. But smaller animals often determine how the changes impact those charismatic animals. In the Antarctic, where some of the most dramatic physical changes are taking place, we do not know much about what small animals exist. This project will sample the sub-Antarctic and three different Antarctic seas with a hope of identifying, quantifying and discovering the variation in species of a group of small invertebrates. Comma shrimp, also called cumaceans, are rarely seen elsewhere but may be common and important in the communities of these locations. Antarctic sampling traditionally used gear that was not very effective at catching cumaceans so we do not know what species exist there and how common they are. This study will utilize modern sampling methods that will allow comma shrimp to be sampled. This will lead to discoveries about the diversity and abundance of comma shrimp, as well as their relationship to other invertebrate species. Major impacts of this work will be an enhancement of museum collections, the development of description of all the comma shrimp of Antarctica including new and unnamed species. Those contributions may be especially important as we strive to understand what drives the dynamics of charismatic vertebrates and fisheries that are tied to Antarctic food webs. This project will collect cumaceans from benthic samples from Argentinian waters, Bransfield Strait, and the Weddell Sea using benthic sleds. Specimens will be fixed in 95% ethanol and preserved in 95% ethanol and 5% glycerin to preserve both morphology and DNA. The specimens will form the basis for a monograph synthesizing current knowledge on the Subantarctic and Antarctic Cumacea, including diagnoses of all species, descriptions of new species, additional description for currently unknown life stages of known species, and vouchered gene sequences for all species collected. The monograph will include keys to all families, genera and species known from the region. Monographic revisions that include identification resources are typically useful for decades to a broad spectrum of other scientists.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

海洋社区在确定全球变化的自然和人类影响方面起着重要作用。这些社区中最引人注目的成员通常是大型脊椎动物，例如海洋哺乳动物和海鸟。但是较小的动物通常决定了这些变化如何影响那些具有魅力的动物。在南极发生的一些最戏剧性的身体变化正在发生，我们对存在哪些小动物的了解不多。该项目将采样亚反抗性和三个不同的南极海洋，希望识别，量化和发现一组小无脊椎动物的种类变化。逗号虾，也称为cumaceans，很少在其他地方看到，但在这些地区的社区中可能很普遍且重要。南极采样传统上使用的齿轮在捕获cumaceans方面不是很有效，因此我们不知道那里存在哪种物种以及它们有多常见。这项研究将利用现代抽样方法，这些方法将允许对逗号虾进行采样。这将导致有关逗号虾的多样性和丰富性以及它们与其他无脊椎动物物种的关系的发现。这项工作的重大影响将是对博物馆收藏的增强，即对南极的所有逗号虾的描述的发展，包括新的和不愿透露姓名的物种。当我们努力理解与与南极食品网息息相关的魅力脊椎动物和渔业动态的原因时，这些贡献可能尤其重要。该项目将使用底栖雪橇从阿根廷水域，布兰斯菲尔德海峡和韦德尔海那里收集冰川群。标本将固定在95％乙醇中，并保存在95％乙醇和5％甘油中，以保留形态和DNA。这些标本将构成综合当前关于亚北极和南极积分的当前知识的基础，包括所有物种的诊断，新物种的描述，对已知物种的当前未知生命阶段的其他描述以及所有收集的物种的代金券基因序列。该专着将包括该地区已知的所有家庭，属和物种的钥匙。包括识别资源在内的专题修订通常数十年来对其他科学家几十年来有用。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并且被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响评估标准通过评估来获得支持的。