RII Track-4: Surviving climate change: The role of adaptation and acclimatization in tropical corals

RII Track-4：应对气候变化：适应和适应环境在热带珊瑚中的作用

• 批准号: 2032919
• 负责人: Carlos Prada
• 金额: $ 24.14万
• 依托单位: University of Rhode Island
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-02-01 至 2024-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2032919&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RII; Track; Surviving; climate; change

This Research Infrastructure Improvement RII Track-4 grant will study heat tolerance in coral populations. Corals are suffering thermal stress across the globe as a result of increases in water temperature of less than 2°C. Yet, some corals live in more extreme conditions. Previous coral research shows that recurrent high temperatures can induce heat tolerance in reef-building corals. These results have been derived from small populations of corals in unusual reef settings with extreme daily variation in temperature. However, it is not well known whether these environments are much more common than currently believed and whether daily increases in temperature occur regularly on coral reefs. The result will provide a model for discovering habitats where heat-resistant corals may be commonly found. The award will provide the opportunity for an early-career faculty and his graduate student from the University of Rhode Island (URI) to establish a new collaboration with professors at the Huck Institutes of the Life sciences at Pennsylvania State University. Additionally, the project will generate a new workshop called DIVERSE and a K-6 coral reef science kit aimed at increasing the interest of underrepresented minority groups in STEM. Thus, this fellowship will help to promote diversity in STEM fields and strengthen URI's and Rhode Island's aim to build capacity in bioinformatics and computational biology.This project will test the hypothesis that some reef zones repeatedly experience warmer temperatures and, as a result, harbor heat-resistant corals. The study will monitor temperature patterns across a wide range of reef habitats and locations and measure heat tolerance in one of the most threatened corals, Orbicella faveolata. To understand heat tolerance in corals and gain knowledge of where to locate heat-tolerant coral populations, this study will use a replicated Caribbean reef system and test physiological hypotheses about the mechanisms of heat tolerance. The project will specifically address the following objectives: (1) determine profile variation in temperature across ten reef systems with a variety of reef habitats and test which habitats and sites harbor heat-tolerant corals; (2) analyze the performance of colonies in reciprocal transplants and examine the role of acclimation in heat tolerance; (3) establish the degree of heat tolerance across corals from different habitats and determine the genes underlying thermotolerance in corals using genomic tools. The experiments will be designed to test if phenotypic plasticity, widely viewed as an important trait in evolutionary ecology, is key for coral's ability to cope with warmer oceans. Through manipulative trials, the project will also quantify the extent to which habitat-adapted populations are also interchangeable across habitats. The research will provide valuable information on the general rules about where to locate heat-tolerant corals, which may result in the ability to conduct a Caribbean-wide search for these habitats.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这项研究基础设施改善RII轨道4赠款将研究珊瑚种群的耐热性。由于水温上升不到2摄氏度，珊瑚在地球仪各地都受到热应力。然而，一些珊瑚生活在更极端的条件下。以前的珊瑚研究表明，反复出现的高温可以诱导造礁珊瑚的耐热性。这些结果是从不寻常的珊瑚礁环境中的小珊瑚种群中得出的，这些珊瑚礁环境具有极端的每日温度变化。然而，这些环境是否比目前认为的要普遍得多，以及珊瑚礁上是否每天都有规律地出现温度上升，这些都不是很清楚。研究结果将为发现耐热珊瑚可能常见的栖息地提供一个模型。该奖项将为罗得岛大学（URI）的一名早期职业教师和他的研究生提供与宾夕法尼亚州立大学哈克生命科学研究所教授建立新合作关系的机会。此外，该项目将产生一个名为DIVERSE的新研讨会和一个K-6珊瑚礁科学工具包，旨在提高代表性不足的少数群体对STEM的兴趣。因此，该奖学金将有助于促进STEM领域的多样性，并加强URI和罗得岛在生物信息学和计算生物学方面的能力建设。该项目将测试一些珊瑚礁区反复经历更高的温度，因此，有耐热珊瑚的假设。该研究将监测各种珊瑚礁栖息地和地点的温度模式，并测量最受威胁的珊瑚之一Orbicella faveolata的耐热性。为了了解珊瑚的耐热性，并了解在哪里找到耐热珊瑚种群，这项研究将使用一个复制的加勒比珊瑚礁系统和测试有关耐热机制的生理假设。该项目将具体实现以下目标：（1）确定具有各种珊瑚礁生境的10个珊瑚礁系统的温度变化概况，并测试哪些生境和地点拥有耐热珊瑚;（2）分析相互移植中菌落的表现，并研究驯化在耐热性中的作用;（3）确定不同生境珊瑚的耐热程度，并利用基因组工具确定珊瑚耐热的基因。这些实验将被设计用于测试表型可塑性是否是珊瑚科普海洋变暖能力的关键，表型可塑性被广泛认为是进化生态学中的一个重要特征。通过操纵试验，该项目还将量化适应生境的种群在不同生境之间的互换程度。这项研究将提供关于在何处寻找耐热珊瑚的一般规则的宝贵资料，从而可能使人们有能力在整个加勒比地区搜寻这些生境，这项奖励反映了国家科学基金会的法定使命，并被认为值得通过利用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评价而给予支持。

项目成果

Editorial: Coral Reef Restoration in a Changing World: Science-Based Solutions

社论：不断变化的世界中的珊瑚礁恢复：基于科学的解决方案

• DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2022.919603
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Frontiers in Marine Science
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Arias-González, Jesús E.;Baums, Iliana B.;Banaszak, Anastazia T.;Prada, Carlos;Rossi, Sergio;Hernández-Delgado, Edwin A.;Rinkevich, Baruch
• 通讯作者: Rinkevich, Baruch

Editorial: Symbiotic Relationships as Shapers of Biodiversity

社论：共生关系是生物多样性的塑造者

• DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.850572
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution
• 影响因子: 3
• 作者: Chomicki, Guillaume;Beinart, Roxanne;Prada, Carlos;Ritchie, Kimberly B.;Weber, Marjorie Gail
• 通讯作者: Weber, Marjorie Gail

Grand Challenges in Coevolution

• DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.618251
• 发表时间: 2022-01
• 作者: M. Medina;D. Baker;David A. Baltrus;Gordon M. Bennett;U. Cardini;A. Correa;S. Degnan;G. Christa

Fine-scale morphological, genomic, reproductive, and symbiont differences delimit the Caribbean octocorals Plexaura homomalla and P. kükenthali

精细的形态、基因组、生殖和共生差异界定了加勒比八珊瑚 Plexaurahomomalla 和 P. kükenthali

• DOI: 10.1007/s00338-021-02175-x
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Coral Reefs
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: Pelosi, Jessie A.;Bernal, Moisés A.;Krabbenhoft, Trevor J.;Galbo, Samantha;Prada, Carlos;Coffroth, Mary Alice;Lasker, Howard
• 通讯作者: Lasker, Howard