Collaborative Research: A Comprehensive Evaluation of the Interactions between Pollution and Hazardous Ice Fog in Interior Alaska

该项目是阿拉斯加分层污染和化学分析(ALPACA)研究倡议的一部分，也将为NSF资助的SNAP-TEC(通过社区参与可持续地导航北极污染)项目做出贡献，该项目包括计划在2022年开展的密集实地活动。羊驼的目标是更好地了解北极冬季寒冷和黑暗条件下空气污染的化学处理。SNAP-TEC的目标是提高对冬季北极室外和室内空气污染的了解，以帮助北极的可持续发展，并改善北极人民的空气质量。该项目将调查阿拉斯加费尔班克斯冬季大气中形成冰雾的冰核颗粒的组成。持续、密集的冰雾事件导致低能见度条件，导致交通和航空部门出现严重问题。这些雾事件还与可能对健康造成不利影响的高污染水平有关。该项目包括在费尔班克斯的一个超级站点进行为期7周的部署，重点是在冰雾期间和晴朗条件下测量气溶胶及其冰核特性。该项目的目标是确定北极边界层中冰核粒子的详细来源和化学转化，确定它们在冰雾事件过程中如何演变，并评估冰核粒子是否可以调节冰雾微物理。将检验以下假设：(1)居民木材燃烧产生的有机/无机气溶胶有助于促进冰雾形成的INP种群；(2)在事件开始时捕获的INP组分表明那些导致冰雾形成的INP组分；以及(3)在相似的温度和湿度下，INP种群的变化影响冰雾微物理，特别是在混合相条件下。通过这项工作提供的测量结果对于更好地了解影响能见度和人类健康的费尔班克斯冰雾是必不可少的。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This project is part of a broader effort, the Alaskan Layered Pollution and Chemical Analysis (ALPACA) research initiative and will also contribute to the NSF-funded SNAP-TEC (Sustainably Navigating Arctic Pollution through Engaging Communities) project that includes an intensive field campaign planned for the year 2022. The goal of ALPACA is to better understand the chemical processing of air pollution during the cold and dark conditions in the wintertime in the Arctic. The objectives of SNAP-TEC are to improve the understanding of wintertime Arctic outdoor and indoor air pollution to assist in the sustainable development of the Arctic and improve air quality for Arctic peoples. This project will investigate the composition of ice nucleating particles that form ice fog in the atmosphere during the wintertime in Fairbanks Alaska. Persistent, dense ice fog events cause low visibility conditions leading to significant problems in the transportation and aviation sectors. These fog events also are associated with high pollution levels that can cause adverse health impacts.The project includes a 7-week deployment at a supersite in Fairbanks focusing on measurements of aerosols and their ice nucleation properties, both during ice fogs and clear conditions. The goals of the project are to determine the detailed sources and chemical transformations of ice nucleating particles (INPs) in the Arctic boundary layer, determine how they evolve over the course of ice fog episodes and assess whether INPs can modulate ice fog microphysics. The following hypotheses will be tested: (1) organic/inorganic aerosols from residential wood burning contribute to the INP population that facilitates ice fog formation; (2) INP composition captured at the beginning of events is indicative of those that seed ice fog formation; and (3) under similar temperatures and humidity, variation in INP populations affect ice fog microphysics, especially under mixed-phase conditions. The measurements provided through this effort are essential for better understanding the ice fogs in Fairbanks that affect visibility and human health.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.