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EAGER: Room-Temperature Fabrication of Electroceramics

EAGER：电陶瓷的室温制造

基本信息

批准号：
2040102
负责人：
Rick Ubic
金额：
$ 29.73万
依托单位：
Boise State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-10-01 至 2022-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2040102&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
EAGER Room Temperature Fabrication Electroceramics

项目摘要

Modern electronic circuits contain many kinds of materials, but heating different materials together during processing is difficult due to incompatibilities in chemistry, densification behavior, and/or thermal expansion. High temperatures are typically required, but there is an urgent need for innovative design principles which would allow electroceramics to be processed with organic or semiconductive materials and silver electrodes at temperatures 400°C. The room-temperature fabrication method could be one such technology. Unfortunately, many electrical properties improve only after subsequent heating; thus, the goal of this EArly-concept Grant for Exploratory Research (EAGER) project is to determine the densification mechanisms/kinetics involved and thereby develop room-temperature processable capacitor oxides with useful electrical properties which can be applied throughout the electroceramics industry to lower costs, energy consumption, and consequent greenhouse gas emissions. This research directly supports the continued US competitiveness and supports many commercial defense applications promoting national security. The integration of this research with education will be achieved in several ways, including being included in a Ceramic Processing online graduate course.Co-firing different materials is difficult due to chemical incompatibility at high temperatures as well as differences in sintering behavior and thermal expansion. Due to the slow, thermally-activated diffusional processes, high temperatures are typically required for densification. It is possible to enhance the driving force by the application of pressure during sintering; however, there is an urgent need for innovative design principles which would allow electroceramic compositions to be co-fired with organic or semiconductive structures and silver electrodes at temperatures 400°C. The room-temperature fabrication method could be one such technology, but the physics involved are not yet completely understood, nor are its implications for the properties of functional ceramics. The goal of this project would be to use in situ transmission electron microscopy studies to determine the densification mechanisms/kinetics involved, and in so doing develop a fuller understanding of the mechanisms and kinetics of the room-temperature densification of oxides. With this information, the aim is to develop ultra-low-temperature sinterable capacitor oxides with relative permittivities up to ~200 and loss tangents 0.1 in the radio frequency range. The method involves the use of aqueous solutions as transient solvents to effect densification of ceramic powders via a mediated dissolution–precipitation process. Unfortunately, many dielectric properties improve only after annealing to remove strain, secondary phases, grain boundaries, and point defects which can lead to electron/ion motion. The goal of this research is to develop ceramic dielectric materials which densify at ultra-low temperatures and exhibit the requisite properties for microelectronic applications without any additional thermal processing.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

现代电子电路包含许多种材料，但由于化学、致密化行为和/或热膨胀的不相容性，在处理期间将不同材料一起加热是困难的。通常需要高温，但迫切需要创新的设计原理，使电子陶瓷能够在400°C的温度下用有机或无机材料和银电极加工。室温制造方法可以是这样的技术之一。不幸的是，许多电性能只有在随后的加热后才能改善;因此，EARLY概念探索性研究资助（EAGER）项目的目标是确定所涉及的致密化机制/动力学，从而开发具有有用电性能的室温可加工电容器氧化物，其可以应用于整个电瓷行业，以降低成本，能耗和随之而来的温室气体排放。这项研究直接支持美国持续的竞争力，并支持许多促进国家安全的商业国防应用。这项研究与教育的整合将通过多种方式实现，包括纳入陶瓷加工在线研究生课程。由于高温下的化学不相容性以及烧结行为和热膨胀的差异，共烧不同材料是困难的。由于缓慢的热激活扩散过程，致密化通常需要高温。通过在烧结过程中施加压力来增强驱动力是可能的;然而，迫切需要创新的设计原理，其将允许电瓷组合物与有机或无机结构和银电极在400°C的温度下共烧。室温制造方法可能是这样的技术之一，但所涉及的物理尚未完全理解，也不是其对功能陶瓷性能的影响。该项目的目标是使用原位透射电子显微镜研究来确定所涉及的致密化机制/动力学，并在此过程中对氧化物室温致密化的机制和动力学有更全面的了解。有了这些信息，我们的目标是开发超低温烧结电容器氧化物的相对介电常数高达~200和损耗角正切0.1的射频范围内。该方法涉及使用水溶液作为过渡溶剂，通过介导的溶解-沉淀过程实现陶瓷粉末的致密化。不幸的是，许多介电性质仅在退火以去除应变、第二相、晶界和可导致电子/离子运动的点缺陷之后才得以改善。该研究的目标是开发在超低温下致密化的陶瓷介电材料，并在不进行任何额外热处理的情况下显示出微电子应用所需的特性。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。