SCC-CIVIC-PG Track A: City of Bridges: Using New Transportation Options to Drive Low-Income Mothers to Greater Success in Pittsburgh

SCC-CIVIC-PG 轨道 A：桥梁之城：利用新的交通选择推动低收入母亲在匹兹堡取得更大成功

• 批准号: 2043634
• 负责人: Lee Branstetter
• 金额: $ 4.99万
• 依托单位: Carnegie-Mellon University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-02-15 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2043634&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SCC; CIVIC; PG; Track; City

Low-income residents of American cities tend to live far from the districts where job creation is concentrated, and therefore incur high transportation costs (in terms of time and money) when seeking employment outside their neighborhoods. These high transportation costs depress income, limit employment, and lower socioeconomic mobility. This is known as the spatial mismatch problem, and it is likely to pose even bigger challenges for low-income mothers with young children, given their parental responsibilities. While this problem has existed for decades, the recent and widespread diffusion of smartphones has enabled a proliferation of new transportation options that offer some of the flexibility of personal vehicles without the high fixed cost of vehicle ownership. Could these new transportation options significantly expand the geographic and socioeconomic mobility of low-income mothers? If so, how? To explore these possibilities, this project proposes a set of field experiments which provide low-cost access to these transportation options for a treatment group and compare the mobility and socioeconomic outcomes to a control group. The experiments can use the GPS capabilities embedded in modern smartphones to measure the quantity and nature of increased geographic mobility thereby conferred on low-income mothers in the treatment groups. Through innovative partnerships with local government agencies, this project will measure the impact of increased geographic mobility on socioeconomic mobility in the short-run and the long-run. Through partnerships with a diverse set of regional nonprofits, this project will directly involve low-income mothers in our research design. The results of the research will provide immediate guidance for policymakers seeking to fund practical policy and engineering solutions to the spatial mismatch problem. Given the rapid diffusion of these transportation options across the country and around the world, policy lessons derived from our study could be implemented in hundreds of cities, potentially impacting the lives of millions. The research will also support fundamental breakthroughs in the modeling of regional transportation systems. Transportation researchers currently have limited visibility into how new transportation options are impacting multi-modal transit choices within regional transportation systems. By leveraging the detailed data collected through our proposed research, this project will create new methods for modeling these regional transportation systems. The new models will reflect the growing interaction between conventional mass transit and a range of complementary new (and old) transit technologies. The knowledge gained from these models could further expand mass transit ridership and resident mobility, while also promoting environmental sustainability. This project is supported by the CIVIC Innovation Challenge program Track A. Communities and Mobility: Offering Better Mobility Options to Solve the Spatial Mismatch Between Housing Affordability and Jobs through a collaboration between NSF and the Department of Energy Vehicle Transportation Office.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

美国城市的低收入居民往往生活在创造就业机会的地区，因此在附近寻求就业时会产生高运输成本（就时间和金钱而言）。 这些高运输成本降低收入，限制就业和降低社会经济流动性。 这被称为空间不匹配的问题，鉴于其父母的责任，它可能对有孩子的低收入母亲构成更大的挑战。 尽管这个问题已经存在数十年了，但智能手机的最新和广泛扩散使新的运输选项扩散，这些选项提供了个人车辆的某些灵活性，而没有高昂的车辆所有权成本。 这些新的运输选择能否显着扩大低收入母亲的地理和社会经济流动性？如果是这样，怎么样？ 为了探索这些可能性，该项目提出了一组现场实验，可为治疗组提供低成本的运输选择，并将移动性和社会经济结果与对照组进行比较。 这些实验可以使用现代智能手机中嵌入的GPS功能来测量地理流动性增加的数量和性质，从而赋予治疗组中低收入母亲的数量和性质。 通过与地方政府机构的创新合作伙伴关系，该项目将衡量地理流动性增加对短期和长期社会经济流动性的影响。通过与各种区域非营利组织的合作伙伴关系，该项目将直接参与我们的研究设计中的低收入母亲。 该研究的结果将为寻求为空间不匹配问题提供实际政策和工程解决方案提供资金的决策者提供即时指导。鉴于这些运输选择在全国和世界各地的迅速扩散，因此我们研究得出的政策课程可以在数百个城市中实施，从而有可能影响数百万的生活。 该研究还将支持区域运输系统建模的基本突破。 目前，运输研究人员对新运输选择如何影响区域运输系统中的多模式运输选择的知名度有限。 通过利用通过我们提出的研究收集的详细数据，该项目将创建建模这些区域运输系统的新方法。 新模型将反映常规质量运输与一系列互补的新（和旧）运输技术之间的相互作用日益增长。 从这些模型中获得的知识可以进一步扩大大众运输乘客和居民流动性，同时还可以促进环境可持续性。该项目得到了公民创新挑战计划的支持A.社区和流动性：通过NSF与能源车辆运输部之间的合作，提供更好的移动性选项，以解决住房负担能力与工作之间的空间不匹配。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用基金会的智力和宽阔的范围来评估支持，并被视为值得通过评估来进行评估。