SCC-CIVIC-PG Track B: Enhancing Communities Preparedness and Resilience to Post-Wildfire Hydrology in Mountainous Areas

野火后的灾害，如山洪暴发，严重侵蚀和泥石流，如2018年造成23人死亡的加利福尼亚州蒙特西托事件，对生命和基础设施的代价越来越高。在美国西部刚刚经历了创纪录的野火季节之后，这些灾害预计会增加。野火后灾害跨越多个科学学科，并影响当地社区和政府机构。山区缺乏对天气、水和土地管理的观测，这大大限制了科学知识的进步，无法更好地监测和预测野火后的灾害。面对社会基础设施受损和人类生命损失的风险增加，社区已经确定了对降水和地表水进行填补空白观测的好处。 该项目旨在联合科学界，与地方实体建立桥梁，协调观测和研究工作，以实现加强对野火后水文学的了解和减少野火后灾害影响的共同目标。该项目将通过推进与野火后水文学有关的监测技术和风险预测工具，解决公民优先事项并促进研究。这在复杂地形中是不充分的。俄克拉荷马州大学和国家严重风暴实验室的研究人员将接触并与核心公民合作伙伴合作，以完善社区的需求，并将水文气象学，社会科学，雷达现场观测和研究方面的专业知识与操作经验相匹配，以在项目的第二阶段部分设计科罗拉多的现场部署策略。该项目将在烧伤地区建立一个“移动的观测站”，由移动的气象雷达、水流传感器、流量计和雨量计组成。收集的数据集将通过提供独特的野火后观测来推动科学界的发展，同时通过提供实时信息和绘制预期影响的能力来立即加强当地社区的备灾能力和复原力。该项目将探讨“预测接近度”在风险认知方面的好处，并通过地方预测让社区参与，同时改善社区与业务预测网的联系。拟议的试点项目将对水文学、业务预报和风险评估科学作出若干实质性贡献，直接造福当地社区。由于野火后的灾害影响整个西部的流域和社区，将成立一个咨询委员会，将涉及几个政府机构和西部各州的当地利益相关者。它将促进在这个试点项目之外建立移动的观测联盟。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Post-wildfire disasters such as flash floods, severe erosion, and debris flows like the Montecito, CA event that killed 23 people in 2018 are becoming more costly to lives and infrastructure. These disasters are anticipated to increase following the record wildfire season just experienced across the western U.S. Post-wildfire disasters cross multiple scientific disciplines and impact local communities to government agencies. A lack of observations in mountainous regions for weather, water, and land management has significantly limited the progression of scientific knowledge to better monitor and forecast post-wildfire disasters. Facing increased risk of damage to societal infrastructure and loss of human life, communities have identified the benefits from gap-filling observations of precipitation and surface water. This project proposes to unite the scientific community, bridge with local entities, and coordinate observations and research efforts targeting the common goal of enhancing knowledge on post-wildfire hydrology and reducing the effects of post-wildfire disasters.This project will address both civic priorities and foster research by advancing monitoring technologies and forecasting tools of risk related to post-wildfire hydrology, which are currently inadequate in complex terrain. The University of Oklahoma and National Severe Storms Laboratory researchers will reach out to and work with core civic partners to refine the needs of communities and match expertise in hydrometeorology, social science, radar field observations, and research-to-operations experience to design a field deployment strategy in Colorado during the Stage 2 portion of the project. The project will establish a “mobile observatory” on burn areas comprised of mobile weather radars, stream sensors, disdrometers, and rain gauges. Datasets collected will advance the scientific community by providing unique, post-wildfire observations, while immediately enhancing the preparedness and resiliency of local communities by providing real-time information and capabilities to map the anticipated impacts. The project will explore the benefits of “forecasting proximity” in terms of risk perception and engage communities through local forecasting while improving their connections to the operational forecast grid. The proposed pilot project will make several substantial contributions to hydrologic, operational forecasting, and risk assessment sciences, with direct benefit to local communities. Because post-wildfire disasters impact basins and communities across the West, an advisory board committee will be set up that will involve several government agencies and local stakeholders from western states. It will foster the creation of coalitions for mobile observations beyond this pilot project. The results will shift flash-flooding prediction science and post-fire landscape management that translates into increased societal resilience.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.