Collaborative Research: Supporting Newcomer Socialization in Online Production Communities

协作研究：支持在线生产社区中的新人社交

• 批准号: 1111201
• 负责人: Loren Terveen
• 金额: $ 30.11万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-08-15 至 2016-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1111201&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Supporting; Newcomer; Socialization

The goals of this research are (1) to understand ways of recruiting and socializing volunteers to online production communities like Wikipedia, (2) to design processes and tools that assist the newcomers' information-seeking as part of their socialization, and (3) to build processes and tools to support the interpersonal processes of socialization, including peer mentorship and mentorship with more senior community members. Online production communities are becoming increasingly important, because they are creating the software that drives the Internet, generating valuable scientific data and building history's largest encyclopedia. In the face of inevitable turnover, every online community must incorporate successive generations of newcomers to survive. Newcomers are a source of content, labor, new ideas, and audience. However, attracting and incorporating newcomers into existing communities can be difficult. Socialization is the process of teaching newcomers the behaviors and attitudes essential to playing their roles in the group. Communities have available a variety of socialization tactics. Research from offline organizations shows that organizations' use of institutionalized socialization tactics and newcomers' active information seeking are effective in increasing newcomers' commitment to the organization, their satisfaction and their productivity. However, those tactics are not commonly used in online communities and seem to have different effects when they are used.This project pursues theory-guided design. The findings from the research will extend existing theories on socialization in groups and organizations by supplementing findings primarily based on self-report measures with ones based on behavioral measures, and by providing evidence on socialization in online communities, where constraints on newcomers are radically different than they are offline. The research will develop processes and tools for solving important problems of newcomers' socialization, which will be evaluated in the context of socializing newcomers in Wikipedia and especially in the Wikipedia initiative of the Association for Psychological Science, which seeks to improve the scientific quality of articles in psychology. These tools will be made freely available to other scientific associations and other online production communities more generally.This project supports NSF's mission to inform the public about science by improving Wikipedia as a vehicle for disseminating scientific knowledge about psychology in particular, and by developing a model for how other scientific societies could partner with Wikipedia or similar efforts to better generate and assess scientifically up-to-date and accurate information meant for the public. It will directly involve many college students, who will be assigned to write or improve psychology articles; they will get feedback from the broader community on their performance. As such it directly supports teaching and learning psychological science and will help increase students' involvement with their scientific societies.

本研究的目标是（1）了解为维基百科等在线制作社区招募和社交志愿者的方式，（2）设计流程和工具，以帮助新来者在社交过程中寻求信息，以及（3）构建流程和工具来支持人际社交过程，包括同伴指导和与更高级社区成员的指导。在线生产社区正变得越来越重要，因为他们正在创建驱动互联网的软件，生成有价值的科学数据，并构建历史上最大的百科全书。面对不可避免的人员流动，每个在线社区都必须吸收一代又一代的新人才能生存。新人是内容、劳动力、新想法和观众的来源。然而，吸引新来者并将其融入现有社区可能很困难。社会化是教新人在群体中扮演角色所必需的行为和态度的过程。社区有各种各样的社会化策略。来自离线组织的研究表明，组织使用制度化的社会化策略和新员工主动寻求信息，可以有效地提高新员工对组织的承诺、满意度和生产力。然而，这些策略在网络社区中并不常用，而且在使用时似乎效果不一。该研究的结果将扩展现有的关于群体和组织社会化的理论，主要是通过补充基于自我报告措施的结果，以及基于行为措施的结果，并提供在线社区社会化的证据，其中对新来者的约束与离线完全不同。这项研究将开发解决新来者社会化的重要问题的程序和工具，将在维基百科，特别是心理科学协会的维基百科倡议中的新来者社会化的背景下进行评估，该倡议旨在提高心理学文章的科学质量。这些工具将免费提供给其他科学协会和其他在线制作社区。该项目支持NSF的使命，通过改进维基百科作为传播科学知识的工具，特别是心理学，并通过开发一个模型，让其他科学团体可以与维基百科或类似的努力合作，更好地生成和评估科学上的最新成果，为公众提供准确的信息。它将直接涉及许多大学生，他们将被分配撰写或改进心理学文章;他们将从更广泛的社区获得关于他们表现的反馈。因此，它直接支持教学和学习心理科学，并将有助于增加学生参与其科学社会。