CAREER: Coffee fungi below and aboveground: agroecological experiments for teaching and learning about fungal diversity and ecosystem function
职业:地下和地上的咖啡真菌:用于教学和学习真菌多样性和生态系统功能的农业生态实验
基本信息
- 批准号:2048131
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 116.23万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Continuing Grant
- 财政年份:2021
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2021-04-15 至 2026-03-31
- 项目状态:未结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Humans depend on biodiversity, the diversity of life on Earth, for our sustenance and survival, yet our current management of Earth’s natural resources has generated rapid losses of biodiversity across many different types of living organisms. Because agriculture is the largest contributor to this loss, a clear understanding of the relative importance of different agricultural practices to biodiversity loss is urgently needed. Fungi play essential roles as decomposers that speed the return of nutrients to forms that crops can use, as pathogens that cause plant disease, as beneficial endophytes that live within plants and protect them from pests and pathogens, and as mycoparasites, fungi that feed on other fungi and reduce their potential to harm crops. Currently little is known about the effects of agricultural practices on biodiversity in these different fungal groups and about how changes in fungal biodiversity may alter critical functions of fungi. This study will determine the relative importance of shade, nitrogen fertilizers, and fungicides for fungal biodiversity loss in coffee, a crop of critical importance to the global economy and to coffee producers, processors, purveyors, and consumers in the United States. It will examine the importance of fungal biodiversity for key functions of fungi in an agroecosystem, particularly the role of fungal diversity in reducing crop diseases and in improving crop nutrient cycling. This project will provide high impact, cross-cultural research opportunities for training both U.S. undergraduate and graduate students to work effectively as scientists in international settings, as well as disseminating two educational modules to improve specific learning outcomes in undergraduate biology courses.Over the last 30 years, biodiversity ecosystem function (BEF) research has clearly demonstrated the importance of diversity for ecosystem function, yet critical gaps remain for fungi. Fungal communities are highly diverse, their abiotic and biotic interactions are often cryptic and complex, and the importance of fungal diversity for key ecosystem processes, such as decomposition and disease regulation, remains to be determined. Coffee represents an ideal ecosystem to study contributors to fungal biodiversity loss and their effects on ecosystem function, since resources vary with levels of shade and fertilization, and fungicides act to suppress fungal diversity. This project will 1) combine two manipulative field experiments with fungal metabarcoding to a) determine the relative importance of shade, inorganic nitrogen, fungicides and leaf litter diversity in structuring fungal communities and their functional diversity, and b) measure the effects of differences in functional diversity in fungal communities on ecosystem function; and 2) use culture-based techniques to identify currently undescribed fungi, link morphology to DNA barcode, and screen isolates for functional groups. This CAREER award will advance understanding of the role of fungal diversity in ecosystem function, particularly the effects of diversity on decomposition rates and plant disease incidence and severity.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
人类依赖生物多样性,地球上生命的多样性,为我们的生计和生存,但我们目前对地球自然资源的管理造成了许多不同类型生物体的生物多样性迅速丧失。由于农业是造成这种损失的最大因素,因此迫切需要清楚地了解不同农业做法对生物多样性损失的相对重要性。真菌作为分解者,加速营养物质返回作物可以使用的形式,作为导致植物疾病的病原体,作为生活在植物内并保护它们免受害虫和病原体侵害的有益内生菌,以及作为真菌寄生虫,以其他真菌为食并降低其危害作物的可能性的真菌,发挥着重要作用。目前,人们对农业实践对这些不同真菌群体生物多样性的影响以及真菌生物多样性的变化如何改变真菌的关键功能知之甚少。这项研究将确定遮荫,氮肥和杀真菌剂对咖啡中真菌生物多样性损失的相对重要性,咖啡是对全球经济和美国咖啡生产商,加工商,供应商和消费者至关重要的作物。它将研究真菌生物多样性对农业生态系统中真菌关键功能的重要性,特别是真菌多样性在减少作物病害和改善作物养分循环方面的作用。该项目将为培养美国本科生和研究生在国际环境中作为科学家有效工作提供高影响力,跨文化的研究机会,并传播两个教育模块,以提高本科生物学课程的具体学习成果。在过去的30年里,生物多样性生态系统功能(BEF)研究清楚地表明了多样性对生态系统功能的重要性,但真菌的研究仍存在重大空白。真菌群落高度多样,它们的非生物和生物相互作用往往是神秘和复杂的,真菌多样性对关键生态系统过程的重要性,如分解和疾病调控,仍有待确定。咖啡是研究真菌生物多样性丧失及其对生态系统功能影响的理想生态系统,因为资源随遮荫和施肥水平而变化,而杀菌剂会抑制真菌多样性。本项目将1)联合收割机两个田间操作试验与真菌元分类相结合,a)确定遮荫、无机氮、杀菌剂和凋落物多样性在构建真菌群落及其功能多样性中的相对重要性,B)测量真菌群落功能多样性差异对生态系统功能的影响;和2)使用基于培养的技术来鉴定目前未描述的真菌,将形态学与DNA条形码联系起来,并筛选分离物的功能组。该职业奖将促进对真菌多样性在生态系统功能中的作用的理解,特别是多样性对分解速率和植物疾病发病率和严重程度的影响。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命,并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估,被认为值得支持。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
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Laura Aldrich-Wolfe其他文献
Restoration plantations accelerate recovery of fungal communities of coarse woody debris in southern Costa Rica
恢复种植园加速了哥斯达黎加南部粗木质残体真菌群落的恢复
- DOI:
10.1016/j.gecco.2025.e03487 - 发表时间:
2025-04-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:3.400
- 作者:
Jeffrey A. Lackmann;Estefania P. Fernandez Barrancos;Rakan A. Zahawi;Laura Aldrich-Wolfe - 通讯作者:
Laura Aldrich-Wolfe
Soil Streptomyces communities in a prairie establishment reflect interactions between soil edaphic characteristics and plant host
- DOI:
10.1007/s11104-014-2243-1 - 发表时间:
2014-08-30 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:4.100
- 作者:
Laura Felice;Nicholas R. Jordan;Ruth Dill-Macky;Craig C. Sheaffer;Laura Aldrich-Wolfe;Sheri C. Huerd;Linda L. Kinkel - 通讯作者:
Linda L. Kinkel
Laura Aldrich-Wolfe的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Laura Aldrich-Wolfe', 18)}}的其他基金
EAGER: Spillover of coffee diseases into forest ecosystems and consequences for forest plant communities
EAGER:咖啡病害蔓延到森林生态系统及其对森林植物群落的影响
- 批准号:
2037121 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
$ 116.23万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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基于coffee-ring效应的银纳米粒子可控组装及其应变传感性能研究
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- 资助金额:25.0 万元
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EP/X035646/1 - 财政年份:2023
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Controlling the droplet size distributions of oil-in-water Pickering emulsions stabilized by cellulose nanofibers derived from spent coffee grounds
控制由废咖啡渣中提取的纤维素纳米纤维稳定的水包油皮克林乳液的液滴尺寸分布
- 批准号:
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Technology Evaluation of Collaborative Robotic Baristas in Local Coffee Shops
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- 批准号:
571159-2021 - 财政年份:2022
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Investigation of acoustic emission monitoring of coffee bean roasting
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574535-2022 - 财政年份:2022
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Coffee and metabolites modulating the gut microbiome for improved colorectal cancer survival
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- 批准号:
10409225 - 财政年份:2022
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Breeding for coffee and cocoa root resilience in low input farming systems based on improved rootstocks (BOLERO)
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- 批准号:
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咖啡和代谢物调节肠道微生物组以提高结直肠癌的生存率
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Valorization of spent coffee ground into solid fuel to replace wood pellet by hydrothermal carboniza
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