The Role of Cyclonic Upwelling Eddies in Southern Ocean CO2 Flux

摘要：威廉姆斯第1部分：在南大洋的印度部分，涡旋在冬季海气二氧化碳（CO2）通量中的作用的表征将在2021年冬季进行两个名为Saildrones的自动航行器。Saildrones将携带传感器直接测量大气和海洋中的CO2浓度（pCO2），大气压力，和风速，以便能够以5公里的分辨率计算海气CO2通量，并具有与正在进行的船基测量相似的精度。为了扩大物理和化学海洋学，机器人和数据科学的参与，PI威廉姆斯和研究生将开发和提供一个以Saildrone为重点的课程计划，为USF的海洋学夏令营的女孩（OCG），动手为期三周的夏令营，为8年级的女孩从坦帕湾，佛罗里达州地区。自1991年以来，OCG通过招募不同的年轻女性来扩大参与，并被NSF认可为STEM项目的典范。浮式平台的表面将携带传感器套件，直接测量大气和海洋中温室气体CO2的浓度（pCO2），大气压力，和风速，允许直接计算海气CO2通量的分辨率和精度类似于航行中的船舶。该项目的总体目标是确定冬季pCO2变化与涡旋的存在和结构之间的关系，并利用这些关系更好地代表南大洋CO2通量的中尺度变化。还将探索从SOCCOM自主浮标阵列交叉表面轨迹中获取数据的能力。该项目的总体目标是确定冬季pCO2变化与涡旋的存在和结构之间的关系，并利用这些关系更好地表示南大洋CO2通量的中尺度变化。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来提供支持。

Abstract: WilliamsPart 1: Characterization of the role of eddies in wintertime air-sea carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean pairs two autonomous sailing vehicles called Saildrones will take place during austral winter 2021.The Saildrones will carry sensors to directly measure atmospheric and oceanic concentrations of CO2 (pCO2), atmospheric pressure, and wind speed to allow calculation of air-sea CO2 flux at 5-km resolution and with similar accuracy to an underway ship-based measurements.To broaden participation in physical and chemical oceanography, robotics, and data science, PI Williams and Graduate Student will develop and deliver a Saildrone-focused lesson plan for USF’s Oceanography Camp for Girls (OCG), a hands-on three-week summer camp for 8th grade girls from the Tampa Bay, FL area. Since 1991, OCG has broadened participation by recruiting diverse young women and is recognized by NSF as a model STEM program.Part 2: The surface following floating platforms will carry sensor suites to directly measure atmospheric and oceanic concentrations of the greenhouse gas CO2 (pCO2), atmospheric pressure, and wind speed allowing direct calculation of air-sea CO2 fluxes at a resolution and an accuracy similar to that of underway ships. The overall objectives of this project are to determine the relationship between wintertime pCO2 variability and the presence and structure of eddies, and to use these relationships to create a better representation of mesoscale variability in Southern Ocean CO2 fluxes. An ability to inform data from the SOCCOM autonomous float array in crossing surface tracks will also be explored.The overall objectives of this project are to determine the relationship between wintertime pCO2 variability and the presence and structure of eddies and to use these relationships to create a better representation of mesoscale variability in Southern Ocean CO2 flux.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.