RAPID: Post-Fire Geomorphic Change Detection in a Small Mountainous River Estuary

RAPID：小山区河流河口火灾后地貌变化检测

• 批准号: 2055100
• 负责人: Andrew Gray
• 金额: $ 1.94万
• 依托单位: University of California-Riverside
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-11-01 至 2021-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2055100&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Post; Fire; Geomorphic; Change

This project will focus on the impacts of flooding and debris flows on the landforms and physical functioning of the estuary of Scott Creek, California after wildfire. The Scott Creek watershed almost completely burned in the August, 2020 CZU Lightning Complex Fire, and in the recent past the estuary has experienced dramatic changes from direct human management and sea-level rise. Because fire has destabilized hillslopes and increased the production of runoff, Scott Creek will likely flood its estuary with water and sediment during even relatively minor storm events. Mountainous coastal regions prone to wildfire, such as those of the US Pacific Coast, are also concentrations of human lives, infrastructure and economic importance. Better understanding of the processes controlling the impacts of debris flows on coastal systems after wildfire is critical to informing effective management and restoration of these systems in the context of previous human modification and sea-level rise. The scientific advances from this project will also inform hazard management for the protection of human health and prosperity in coastal regions impacted by wildfire. This work is conducted by a research group dedicated to creating opportunities for underrepresented groups in the geosciences, which will be advanced through this project’s conduct, future analysis of resultant datasets with additional early career scientists, and incorporation of results into educational materials at the University of California, Riverside.This project will provide urgently needed, perishable data supporting a novel opportunity to investigate the impacts of wildfire on landform change in the Scott Creek watershed. Surveying and sampling will be conducted before and after each rainstorm or rainstorm cluster during the 2021 wet season. The ground surface of the estuary, both above and below standing water, will be surveyed using high resolution laser scanning and echo sounder techniques, respectively. Sediment and water samples will also be collected from locations throughout the estuary and investigated for physical and chemical characteristics that provide information about sediment source and hydrodynamic transport conditions. These data will be leveraged into a more comprehensive study of longer term (multi-year) geomorphic and ecological changes in the estuary following the fire with a focus on the processes contributing to the development of landforms and sediment deposits, and their impacts on physical and ecological function.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目将重点关注野火后洪水和泥石流对加州斯科特溪河口地貌和物理功能的影响。斯科特溪流域几乎完全烧毁了8月，2020年CZU闪电复杂火灾，并在最近的过去河口经历了巨大的变化，从直接的人类管理和海平面上升。由于火灾破坏了山坡的稳定，增加了径流的产生，即使是相对较小的风暴事件，斯科特溪也可能会用水和沉积物淹没河口。容易发生野火的山区沿海地区，如美国太平洋沿岸，也是人类生活，基础设施和经济重要性的集中地。更好地了解野火后控制泥石流对沿海系统影响的过程，对于在以前人为改造和海平面上升的背景下有效管理和恢复这些系统至关重要。该项目的科学进展还将为灾害管理提供信息，以保护受野火影响的沿海地区的人类健康和繁荣。这项工作是由一个研究小组进行的，致力于为地球科学中代表性不足的群体创造机会，这将通过该项目的实施，与其他早期职业科学家对所得数据集的未来分析以及将结果纳入加州大学滨江的教育材料中来推进。易逝的数据支持一个新的机会，调查野火对斯科特溪流域地貌变化的影响。在2021年雨季期间，将在每次暴雨或暴雨群之前和之后进行调查和采样。将分别使用高分辨率激光扫描和回声探测器技术对河口的地面（静水以上和静水以下）进行测量。还将从整个河口收集沉积物和水样，并调查其物理和化学特性，以提供有关沉积物来源和水动力输运条件的信息。这些数据将用于更全面的长期研究。火灾后河口的（多年）地貌和生态变化，重点是有助于地貌和沉积物发展的过程，该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。